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初二教案 第775期(2)
发布时间:2022-05-09

本期配套教案共2页:  1  2

第39/775期初二教案
作者:李红
Go with the flow (P6)
Pre-reading
Free Talk
 What do you do to kill time when you are free?
 What makes you happy and preoccupied (全神贯注的)?

While reading
During the COVID-19 pandemic, many people under lockdown feel lonely and bored. “There is a loneliness epidemic,” said John Dattilo from Pennsylvania State University, US. 
lockdown [ˈlɒkdaʊn]: n. 活动或行动限制
翻译:在新冠疫情期间,很多处于封锁区的人们感到孤独和无趣。
练习:很多学校昨天依旧处于封锁状态。
Many schools remained under lockdown yesterday.

So he, together with an international team of researchers, studied how to reduce loneliness and increase positive feelings during the pandemic. 
reduce [rɪˈdjuːs]:  v. 减少,降低;反义词increase/raise
positive [ˈpɒzətɪv]: adj. 积极的;阳性的;反义词negative
翻译:所以他,和一个国际团队的研究者们一起,研究如何在疫情期间减少人们的孤独感并增加积极情绪。
练习:它减小了犯心脏病的危险。
It reduces the risks of heart disease.
要积极面对未来,永不言弃。
Be positive about your future and never give up.

According to their new study, reduced loneliness has something to do with doing enjoyable activities that require both concentration (注意力) and skill.
have something to do with: 与……有关
翻译: 根据他们的新研究,减少的孤独感与做令人愉快的活动有关,而这些活动需要注意力和技巧。
练习:  我认为它一定与上次旅行有关。
I think it must have something to do with travel. 

“When people are absorbed in (全神贯注于) what they are doing, they enter a state (状态) called ‘flow’,” Dattilo explained. “Flow can be achieved by doing activities that we value and that require us to concentrate fully to use our skills.”
concentrate: [ˈkɒns(ə)ntreɪt] v. 集中注意力,使集中
翻译:心流可以通过做那些我们重视且要求我们全神贯注使用技巧的活动而达到。 
练习:他能否专心学习并有所成就取决于他自己。
It was up to him to concentrate on his studies and make something of himself.

What is “flow”?
Flow is a cognitive state(认知状态) where one is completely immersed in(沉浸在) an activity –from painting and writing to prayer and surfboarding. It involves intense focus, creative engagement and the loss of awareness of time and self.

To achieve a state of flow, there must be a balance between the challenge of the task and your skill level. For example, if you’re trying to create a complex (复杂的) computer program but your skill level is low, then you’re likely to feel stressed instead of achieving “flow”. On the contrary (相反地), if the task is too easy, then boredom will set in and “flow” will not appear, either.
boredom [ˈbɔːdəm]: n. 厌烦, 无聊;  set in: 开始; 到来; 流行;
翻译:相反地,如果任务太简单,厌倦就会接踵而至,心流也将不会出现。 
练习:阅读有助于打发封锁的无趣。
Reading helps to relieve the boredom of the lockdown.

If you have artistic skills, for example, playing the piano or painting can lead to flow. So can things like skiing, writing and storytelling, depending on who you are.“When we enter a state of flow, we become absorbed and focused, and we experience momentary (片刻的) enjoyment,” Dattilo said. “When we leave a state of flow, we are often surprised by how much time has passed.”
depend on : 依赖;依靠;取决于;
翻译:像滑雪、写作和讲故事之类也可以(使人们达到心流状态),关键取决于你是谁。 
练习:邮票的价值取决于它有多稀有。
The stamp's value depends on how rare it is.

However, watching television usually doesn’t help people enter flow, according to Dattilo, because there aren’t any challenges. “People tend to thrive (茁壮成长) on healthy activities and challenge,” said Dattilo. “We hope this research will help people live fuller, happier, healthier lives.”
challenge [ˈtʃælɪndʒ]:  n.&v. 挑战;质疑;
翻译:然而根据Dattilo的观点,因为没有任何挑战,所以看电视通常不会帮助人们进入心流状态。
练习:扮演这个角色是他演艺生涯中最大的挑战。
The role is the biggest challenge of his acting career. 

Post-reading
Groupwork
Search for more information about “flow” on the internet, then make a mindmap.
Make a list of some challenging and healthy activities for teenagers.    

Practice
1. What did Dattilo study?
A. Why people feel lonely.                
B. How to reduce loneliness.
C. What enjoyable activities are.            
D. Why people like a new challenge.

2. How do people feel when they enter the “flow” state?
A. They are concentrating and happy.        
B. They feel time passes too quickly.
C. They feel stressed and tired.            
D. They are lonely and bored.

3. Which activity is possible to help people achieve flow?
A. Watching TV.                        
B. Eating nuts.
C. Writing.                            
D. Chatting.

4. What can we do to reduce loneliness during lockdown, according to Dattilo?
A. Follow a healthy lifestyle.
B. Learn as many skills as possible.
C. Do some enjoyable and challenging tasks.
D. Complete impossible challenges.

完成句子。
1. The lesson had a p____ effect on John.
2. At work you need to be able to c_______.
3. Bill was encouraged by the c______.
4. Travel helps people escape from the b_____ and pressure of life.
5. Food shortages have been one of the major complaints during the l_____ in Shanghai.

depend on, have something to do with, set in
1. He was the sort of person you could _______.
2. Winter is _______ and the population is facing food and water shortages. 
3. Earth’s warming might _______________ driving cars.


参考答案:
1. 本题为细节理解题。由第二段中... studied how to reduce loneliness and increase positive feelings during the pandemic.可知,Dattilo研究的使减少孤独感和增加积极情绪。故而选项B正确。

2. 本题为细节理解题。由... reduced loneliness has something to do with doing enjoyable activities ...和Flow can be achieved by doing activities that we value and that require us to concentrate fully to use our skills.可知,人们会感到开心和全神贯注。所以正确答案为A。

3. 本题为推理判断题,由... So can things like skiing, writing and storytelling … 可知,写作可以帮助人们进入心流状态。因此,选项C正确。

4. 本题为推理判断题。由最后一段People tend to thrive on healthy activities and challenge.可知,Dattilo鼓励人们做健康且有挑战的活动,因此答案为C。

完成句子。
1. positive     2. concentration   3. challenge   4. boredom   5. lockdown
1. depend on  2. setting in      3. have something to do with 

本期配套教案共2页:  1  2

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