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高三教案 第567期
发布时间:2015-11-02

Replying to thanks (P4)
I. Pre-reading
Discuss the following question with your partner.
 How do you usually reply when somebody says “thank you”?

II. Reading
Read the article and choose the best answer for each of the following questions.
1. It can be inferred from the article that in the US ____.
A. older people don’t use “you’re welcome” as often as young people
B. people rarely use “you’re welcome” as it can sound rude to them
C. there is no gratitude in “you’re welcome” any more
D. many young people don’t use “you’re welcome” to show gratitude
2. For those not used to hearing “you’re welcome”, “no problem” and “no worries”, ____.
① “you’re welcome” implies “you should thank me for what I did for you”
② “no worries” means “you bothered me but I don’t mind”
③ they tend to find them rude
④ “no problem” means “I didn’t want to help you but I did”
⑤ these expressions are phatic and insincere
A. ①②③  B. ②③④  C. ①②③⑤    D. ②③④⑤
3. English speakers would say “I’m OK” even when they’re not because ____.
A. they don’t want people to worry about them
B. they know people aren’t usually asking how they are
C. they are unwilling to tell others the truth
D. they think other expressions sound empty
4. What is the appropriate reply to “thank you” according to BuzzFeed?
A. You are welcome. B. No problem.
C. No worries.   D. Thank you.
5. What is the text mainly about?
A. How to show gratitude to people.
B. How to respond to “thank you”.
C. Some common phatic expressions in English.
D. Problems with some expressions used to reply to “thank you”.

Key:
1. D。由第二段中“According to the BuzzFeed website, young people use and hear “you’re welcome” sarcastically. ”可知,美国年轻人认为“you are welcome”带有讽刺意味,得出答案:许多年轻人不再使用“you are welcome”表达感激之意。
2. C。①对应文中第三段最后BuzzFeed说,对于一些人,“You’re welcome”听起来像“我给你帮了忙,你应该感谢我”。②④选项对应第四段The Huffington Post所说,“no problem”和“no worries”听起来像是对方的感激之意被答者当作被打扰的歉意。③第二段末尾“you’re welcome” can sound rude,以及第五段’In fact, today many young people tend to respond to being thanked with “no problem”, which older people find rude.’⑤选项参照第六段段首“Both “you’re welcome” and “no problem” are phatic expressions.”
3. B。 答案在第六段中。通常,当不知道如何回答时,他们会使用寒暄语。比如,他们会在不是很好的时候说“我很好”。他们知道人们并不是真的问他们怎样,所以他们用寒暄的方式予以回应。
4. D。最后段中BuzzFeed说“Just reply to “thank you” by saying “thank you” back.”
5. B。本文分析了thank you的三种常见回答“you are welcome”“no problem”、“no worries”,指出他们在人们心中的隐含意义,最终得出结论用“thank you”回答“thank you”是最好的答案。因此,B选项“如何回答‘thank you’”更加符合文意。A选项是“如何向他人表达感激之情”。C选项“英语中几种常见的寒暄语表达”,寒暄语在第六段中出现,目的是说明相对于“thank you”的真诚感来说,文中提到的三种回答都是寒暄语,所以会让人产生不快,并不是文章主旨。D选项“回复‘thank you’的几种答案的问题”,本文不止提出了问题,还分析了问题产生的原因,还得出了最合适的结论。

III. Language study
1. Britons, for example, can’t help but hear condescension when they hear it.
句型:can/could not help...but do = can/could not help doing 不得不,禁不住做某事
She is so smart that I can’t help but admire her.

2. “To some, it can sound like ‘I did you a favor, you should be thankful’.”
Do sb a favor: 帮某人一个忙
This box is too heavy. Could you do me a favor and help me lift it?

Lying without knowing (P5)
I. Pre-reading
Discuss the following questions with your partner.
 Have you ever told a lie?
 In what cases are people likely to lie?
 Is it always bad to lie? Are white lies a good thing? Why or why not?

II. Reading
Read the article and choose the best answer for each of the following questions.
1. What was the finding of the classic 1959 experiment?
A. The poorly-paid students actually considered the activities interesting.
B. The poorly-paid students were found to be more likely to have cognitive dissonance.
C. The well-paid students had difficulty justifying their behavior.
D. The well-paid students did better in persuading others of their lie.
2. By mentioning two types of effects in Paragraph 4, the author intends to _____.  
A. compare the differences between the two effects
B. analyze what factors lead to biases in thinking
C. show that some biases can influence our thoughts
D. prove that biases usually work unconsciously
3. What can we conclude from the article about the “bias blind spot”?
A. It’s usually hard for people to admit that they are biased.
B. By carefully looking at their thoughts, people can avoid being biased.
C. It’s easier for people to notice the bias in themselves than in others.
D. A good decision-maker is believed to be less biased than his or her peers.
4. It can be inferred from the article that people with a low bias blind spot are more likely to ____.
A. underestimate their abilities
B. be overconfident in themselves
C. take the advice of others into account
D. have trouble noticing biases in themselves

Key:
1. B。由第二、三段可知,实验调查显示,只拿了一点小钱的学生更可能把无聊的经历说得天花乱坠,他们似乎已被自己的谎言说服了,而导致他们态度上的这种大转变的主要原因是“认知失调”,拿钱多的学生可以为他们的行为找到外界的原因(“我是拿了钱才这么说的”),但只拿了一点小钱的学生就只能从内部寻找理由(“我说实验很有趣肯定是有原因的。说不定我其实挺喜欢那实验呢”),所以B为正确答案。
2. C。第四段所列举的这两种效应主要是为了说明该段首句提到的“Scientists have uncovered more than 50 biases (偏见) that, like this one, can change our thinking.”,所以C为正确答案。
3. A。由第五、六段可知,偏见发生作用的过程是无意识的,因此,虽然我们很容易就能发现他人的偏见,却往往意识不到自己身上的偏见,所以A为正确答案。
4. C。最后一段提到了“people with a high bias blind spot are those most likely to ignore the advice of peers or experts”,一个“偏见盲点”高的人更可能不理会同龄人与专家的建议,反过来,“偏见盲点”低的人则应该更乐于听取他人意见,故C为正确答案。

III. Language study
Study the following sentences.
1. It seemed that they had persuaded themselves of their own lie.
句中It 用作形式主语,真正的主语为后面 that 引导的从句。persuade sb of sth表示“使某人相信某事”。

2. According to ..., people with a high bias blind spot are those most likely to ignore the advice of peers or experts, and are least likely to learn from training that could improve their decisions.
本句的主干是:people with a high bias blind spot are those and are (those) ...。形容词短语most likely to ignore…修饰those,后面and连接的分句省略了those,are least likely to learn …修饰被省略的those,that引导的定语从句修饰training。

Loser who won (P6)
I. Skimming
Read the article quickly and try to find out its main idea.
Key:
The article is about how Sparky developed from a loser into a highly successful cartoonist.

II. Scanning
Read the article again and choose the best answer for each of the following questions.
1. By saying “he learned to live with it”, the author means that Sparky ____.
A. decided not to make an effort in school
B. learned to ignore being treated badly
C. didn’t care as long as no one called him a loser
D. came to accept being ignored by other students
2. Before he started the Charlie Brown cartoon, ____.
A. Sparky doubted whether being an artist was in his future
B. some yearbook editors convinced Sparky to keep on drawing
C. no one valued Sparky’s artwork and it was rejected time and again
D. samples of Sparky’s artwork were accepted by Walt Disney Studios
3. Sparky’s cartoon character became so popular because ____.
A. Sparky’s experience was so sad
B. people felt they could relate to it
C. it was a kind of cultural phenomenon
D. it inspired people to fight for their own lives
4. We can infer from the article that ____.
A. Sparky never lost confidence in his ability
B. artists often have little chance of becoming successful
C. the writer believes that others’ opinions don’t matter
D. the writer believes that no loser will become successful in the end  

Key:
1. D。推测题。首先把这句话定位于第三段。根据这句话的前后文判断,他和同学们都认为他是loser,同学都无视他,并不是不喜欢他,而他也习惯或者忍受了,如果同学跟他在校外打招呼反倒会让他惊讶,所以应该是他慢慢接受了这种被同学忽视的状态,故正确答案为D。
2. C。细节题。A选项,Sparky从未对自己怀疑过,所以错误;B选项,原文中说的是一些编辑否定了他的绘画作品,故错误;C选项文中有明确答案,故正确;D选项Sparky的作品被Walt Disney Studios要去了样本,尽管他精心准备,但又一次被拒绝了,故错误。综上,正确选项为C。
3. B。细节题。本题关键在于答案的定位。根据文中说Sparky的卡通人物后来成为文化现象,其原因是:“People readily identified with this “lovable loser”. He reminded people of the painful and embarrassing moments from their own past, of their pain and their shared humanity.”可知B为正确答案。
4. A。推断题。文中第四段“One thing was important to Sparky, however - drawing. He was proud of his artwork. No one else appreciated it. But that didn’t seem to matter to him. … Despite that, Sparky was convinced of his ability. He even decided to become an artist.”以及第六段“But Sparky still didn’t give up.”可知A选项正确;B选项讲艺术家成功几率小,和本文无关,排除;C选项作者并没有表态说别人的观点不重要,属于无中生有错误;D选项,根据文章最后一句话判断,作者的意思是被认为失败的人也有可能会成功,但没有说每个失败者都会成功,属于歪曲句意错误。故正确选项为A。

III. Language study
Study the following sentences.
1. It wasn’t that the other students disliked him.
释义:并不是因为其他学生不喜欢他。
分析:句式it’s not that …或者it’s not simply that …表达“不是因为……”,并且通常暗示有其他原因(常用句式为It’s just that …)。例如:It’s not that I don’t want to be with my family.

2. He made up his mind early that if things were meant to work out, they would.
释义:他很早就下了决心,如果一切注定会变好,那自然就会。
分析:词组make up one’s mind意思是“下决心,打定主意”。Work out意思是“(问题或复杂的情况)会变好或者得到解决”。 Something was meant to be/happen通常用来表达“某事一定或注定会发生,任何人都阻止不了。”

Translate the following sentences with the given words or phrases.
1. 再回到小船上已几乎不可能了。(all but)
It was all but impossible to get back onto the boat.

2. 我跟汤姆在一起总感到别扭——与他这人交谈太费劲儿。(awkward)
I always feel awkward when I’m with Tom – he’s so difficult to talk to.

3. 许多体重正常的女性对杂志上那些超瘦的模特儿无法产生认同感。(identify with)
Many women of normal weight feel unable to identify with the super-thin models in magazines.

4. 希望这项新工作会非常适合他。(work out)
Let’s hope this new job works out well for him.

5. 你真的认为生活一定就是公平的吗?答案当然是否定的。(meant)
Do you think life is meant to be fair? Surely not.

IV. Post-reading
Further thinking:
What can we learn from Sparky’s road to success?

 


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