Winter in Literature  (P1)

邯郸市第一中学 黄珍珍

I. Lead-in   

vDo you like winter? Why or why not? 

vWhat solar terms (节气) in winter do you know?

vHave you ever read A Christmas Carol ?

vWhich scene impressed you most?

 

II. Skimming

Read the article quickly and answer the question.

What is the main idea of the article?

The article explains what winter is like in literary works. 

 

III. Scanning

Read the article carefully and answer the following questions.

Q1. What features does winter have in Shakespeare's literary works?

In Shakespeare's works, winter is often compared with the ugly side of humanity because of its  unpleasant and even frightening aspect.

 

Q2. What has winter in literary works often featured since Charles Dickens? 

Since Charles Dickens, the representation of winter in literature has often featured happy Christmas celebrations.

 

Q3. Why did the author cite Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone as an example? 

The author wants to show Christmas is still a symbol of joy in modern literature. 

 

V. Language focus---words&phrases

 

 

IV. Language focus----words & phrases

Translate sentences using the words we learned

 

 

 

IV. Language study

Translate the sentences and pay attention to the sentence structure

1.Winter means strong winds and snow - an environment in which it is uncomfortable to be. 

In which引导定语从句，相当于where，先行词为environment，在从句中作地点状语，还原从句为it is uncomfortable in this environment.

释义：冬天意味着强风暴雪，在这样的环境下感觉并不舒服。

 

2. He is out in the winter cold, suffering things that are usually reserved for the poorest and most wretched（不幸的） human beings.

现在分词短语suffering …作伴随状语，that引导定语从句，修饰先行词things。

释义：严寒的冬季他漂泊在外，经受着那些通常是命运多舛的穷苦人家才会遭受的一切。

 

3. Once winter became less of a threat to human beings, literary works featuring it became more positive.

•feature 意为“以......为特色”,现在分词短语featuring … 此处作定语修饰literary works。

once此处为连词，意为“一旦”，引导条件状语从句。

句意为：一旦冬天变得不再是人类的威胁，以冬季为特色的文学作品变得更为积极。

 

4. Although winter still isn't the most cheerful season in novels and poems, it's safe to say that writers have certainly “warmed up” since Shakespeare's days. 

although引导让步状语从句 ，it’s safe to say that意为 “可以肯定地说”，that 引导宾语从句。

释义：尽管冬季并不是小说和诗歌中最令人愉悦的季节，但从莎士比亚时代以后，冬季的描写已经变得“温暖”了。

 

IV. Language focus----words & phrases

Find the expressions in your newspaper, and figure out their meanings according to the context.

1.give away

2.be fit for

3.bring out

4.provide a contrast to… 

5.It’s almost as…

 

Try to make sentences with the expressions, and share them with your partners.

 

V. Post-reading   

1.According to the text, winter can feature downbeat situations and also happy scenes in different literary works. Which feature do you prefer? Please give your reasons.

2.Do you know any other literature works with distinctive winter features?

 

VI. Assignment   

Write an article describing your impression of winter or the winter in a literary work.

 

 

 

Cause of great feeling (P6)

辽宁省沈阳二中 李珊珊

 

I. Lead-in   

Do you like running? 

How do you feel after running?

 

II. Reading

Read the article carefully and answer the following questions.

1. What may be responsible for the runner's high, according to a recent study?

Endocannabinoids.

According to a recent study published by a group of scientists from several German universities, a group of chemicals called endocannabinoids may actually be responsible for this familiar great feeling.

 

2. Divide the article into three parts and then sum up the main idea of each part.

Part One: Paragraph 1-3

Lead in the topic: endocannabinoids may actually be responsible for the runner's high.

Part Two: Paragraph 4-7

A test on the cause of runner's high and its conclusion. 

Part Three:Paragraph 8-11

The benefits of running or workout.

 

III. Vocabulary Bank

1. 

Singular（单数）Plural（复数）

mousemice

humanhumans

phenomenonphenomena

 

2. After exercising on running wheels, the mice seemed happy and relaxed and displayed no signs of anxiety.

Compare these four similar words: 

sign, symbol, signal, mark

sign:指人们公认事物的记号、标志，也可指某种情况的    迹象。

symbol: 指有象征意义的或表达某种深邃含义的特殊事物。

signal: 指为某一目的而有意发出的信号、暗号。

mark: 既可指方便于辨认而有意做的标记，又可指自然形成的标记或有别于其他事物的特征。

 

Complete the sentences with sign, signal, symbol or mark.

1. The ink left a _____ on his new shirt.

2. The rain showed no _____ of stopping.

3. When they found the ship was sinking, they immediately sent out an emergency _____.

4. A dove is often used as a ______ of peace.

5. She didn’t understand what was written on the _______.

6. One ______ of a great movie is that you always remember seeing it.

7. My radio can’t pick up a _______ here.

 

Key: mark, sign, signal, symbol, sign, mark, signal

 

IV. Grammar Focus

But while it’s long been believed that endorphins (脑内啡) - chemicals in the body that cause happiness - are behind the so-called “runner’s high”, a study suggested that there may be more to this phenomenon than we previously knew.

尽管人们长期以来都认为脑内啡——体内一种能带来愉悦感的化学物质——是造成所谓的“跑步者的愉悦感”的原因，但是一项研究表明我们先前对于该现象的认识或许还不够。 

while引导让步状语从句，位于从句句首，译为“尽管，虽然”。

e.g., While he was tired, he went on working.

尽管他很累，但是他继续工作。

 

翻译：

虽然我喜欢这顶帽子的颜色，但是我不喜欢它的形状。

While I like the color of the hat, I do not like its shape.

 

while作为连词时的其他用法：

1. 并列连词，表示“对比”关系。

I like singing, while she likes dancing.

我爱唱歌，而她喜欢跳舞。

2. 引导时间状语从句，译为“当……的时候”，有时表示“某个动作正在进行的时候，发生了另一个动作”。

While he was working, he listened to music.

当他累的时候，他会休息一会儿。

While I was watching TV, the bell rang.

当我正在看电视的时候，门铃响了。

 

while 作为名词，表示“一段时间”、“一会儿”。

I stayed there for a short while. 

我在那儿呆了一小会儿。

 

用while来完成下面的句子翻译。

1.  你不在时，我会照顾你的孩子的。

I'll take care of your children while you are away.

 

2. 虽然他身体不好，但他还是努力工作。

While he is in poor health, he still works hard.

 

3. 他出去散步了，而我却待在家里。

He went out for a walk while I stayed at home.

 

VI. Discussion

What characteristics can we build up from running or working out?

persistence

patience

strength

fitness

...

 

VII. Assignment

Write an article with the title “ Let's run for fun” to get students to run. Present the benefits of running in your article.

（about 120 words）