第10/715期初二教案

石庆娟

 

 

Arctic ice is at risk (P4-5)

 

 

I. Pre-reading

·Hello. We are polar bears. We live in Arctic.

 

·What happened?

  Their icy home is melting away beneath them.

  Why?

 

II. While reading

1.skin  n. 皮肤 vt 剥皮 vi 愈合

  skinny  adj.瘦骨嶙峋的

 

2.a piece of 一片/ 一块/ 一张

  eg: a piece of paper 一张纸

 

3.used to be 曾当过，曾经是，过去一向

 

·How is climate change affecting the Arctic?

  Arctic ice is melting and may disappear in just a few decades.

 

·How has the temperature in the Arctic changed over the years?

  It's 18 degrees warmer than it was 125 years ago.

 

1. suffer from忍受，遭受；患…病；受…苦

 

2. depend on取决于，依赖/靠

 

3. give birth to生孩子；产生

 

·How is melting ice affecting animals?

  They are losing their habitat and food.

 

the number of ……的数量，作主语时谓语动词用单数

 

·Why are reindeer dying in the Arctic?

  Because more rainfall has caused their food to freeze under the ice.

 

·What will happen in the Arctic if human activity increases?

  The area's environment will be disturbed.

 

III. Post reading

 

·Polar bears are in danger. We must take measures to protect them and make sure they are safe.

 

IV. Further reading

Facts about the Arctic

·The Arctic Ocean makes up two-thirds of the Arctic. One-third is made up of land in eight countries including Russia, Canada, Finland and the US.

·The Arctic Ocean is almost entirely (全部) covered in sea ice during the winter. During the summer, around 50 percent of the sea is frozen.

·It’s home to more than 21,000 species (物种).

·It’s home to about 4 million people.

·The sun never rises at the North Pole from December to March. The sun never sets (落下) during the summer.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Racing to find a COVID cure (P6)

 

 

I. Pre-reading

·What's this?

  This is a coronavirus.

 

·Why is it called coronavirus?

  It is called coronavirus (冠状病毒) because it looks like it has a crown, or corona, when seen under a microscope.

 

·What can we do to stop it?

 

·Let’s read the following story to find the answer.

 

II. While reading

race to do sth 争相去做某事

start doing sth开始做某事

 

Choose the answer:

1. Paragraph 2 explains _____.

A. how vaccines work

B. what vaccines are made of

C. how the first vaccine was discovered

D. what kinds of vaccines we have today

 

2. How do vaccines work?

① The patient is exposed to small amounts of dead or weakened viruses.

② The patient is exposed to the same virus later.

③ The patient’s antibodies kill the virus off.

④ The patient’s body creates antibodies.

A. ①②③④

B. ②①④③

C. ②④①③

D. ①④②③

 

3. The COVID-19 vaccine is not ready for the public because _____.

A. its clinical trials are not finished

B. it is said to have side effects

C. mass production has not started yet

D. it has been found to be ineffective

 

4. From the story, we know that _____.

A. every virus has a vaccine

B. vaccine testing is easy

C. the pandemic will be over soon

D. vaccines are difficult to create

 

III. Further reading

    SARS 重症急性呼吸综合征为一种由SARS冠状病毒引起的急性呼吸道传染病，主要传播方式为近距离飞沫传播或接触患者呼吸道分泌物，于2002年在中国广东发生，并扩散至东南亚乃至全球，直至2003年中期疫情才逐渐消失。野生动物市场上的果子狸是SARS病毒的直接来源，而它可能是被中华菊头蝠所感染。

 

    Middle East Respiratory Syndrome 中东呼吸综合征是由一种新型冠状病毒引起的病毒性呼吸道传染性疾病。该病毒于2012年首次出现在沙特阿拉伯，之后在中东等地传播，死亡率可达40%。目前研究认为，引起中东呼吸综合征的新型冠状病毒宿主为中东地区的单峰骆驼，而骆驼则是被蝙蝠所传染。

 

     “The lesson we’ve learned is that coronavirus infections are serious and one of the newest and biggest global health threats,” said Dr. Peter Hotez, a vaccine researcher in Houston. He added that it’s less challenging to develop a vaccine for coronaviruses than for other viruses such as HIV or influenza. If a vaccine is developed, he said, health care workers might be among the first to receive it because they are often exposed to infected patients.

 

►lesson n. [一词多义] 教训

►add vt. [一词多义] 补充说；继续说

►challenging adj. [学术词汇] 挑战性的

►develop vt. [熟词生义] 开发；研制

►receive vt. [熟词生义] 接种

►be exposed to 接触；暴露于

 

     It is “remarkable” that scientists are able to start developing a vaccine for a virus that was identified less than a month ago, he said. He credited Chinese researchers, who quickly sequenced (确定…的化学结构序列) and published the virus’s genome (基因组). “With SARS, it took almost a year to be able to identify and map the full genetic code,” he said. “Now we’re doing this in just a few weeks.” 

 

►remarkable adj. [派生词] 卓越的；非凡的

►credit vt. [一词多义] 认为是…的功劳；把…归于

►publish vt. [一词多义] 公布

►map vt. [熟词生义] [名词动化] 绘制