2020-2021学年度第18期总第817期
Prehistoric origins (P6) 
山西省灵石县第一中学 任立琴
I. Warm-up
Can you name the following dinosaurs?
  
Which one of them is actually not a dinosaur？

II. Read for general information
 
Read the article and check your prediction.
 
Main idea of the article: ______________________________________________________________
（Key: As a result of an international effort applying both traditional and cutting-edge techniques, paleontologists found that the pterosaurs’ closest relative could be lagerpetids.）

III. Read for details
1. Read paragraphs 1-5 and tell what origins are discussed.
The pterosaurs’ closest relative could be lagerpetids (兔蜥龙), small bipedal (两足动物的) insect-eaters. 
2. Read paragraphs 3-5 and discuss the relationships among dinosaurs, pterosaurs and lagerpetids.
 
3. What do Ezcurra’s words mean?
 
4. According to the last three paragraphs, what will the palenotologists probably study in the future?
Why lagerpetids lacked some key characteristics of pterosaurs, including wings;
Pterosaurs' relationship to other extinct animals;
Other animals that appeared in the Triassic Period. 

IV. Post-reading
Complete the mind map of this article.
 
V. Language focus
Find the following expressions in the article.
1.根据，依据      according to
2.和......一样       be similar to 
3.和......相似       the same as
4.幸亏，由于      thanks to
5.有助于，导致    contribute to doing sth.
6.导致            lead to doing sth.
7.希望做某事      hope to do sth.
8.全世界          around the world

“This study is a result of an international effort applying both traditional and cutting-edge techniques,” 
apply  v. 
词形变化   application (n.) 申请; applicant (n.) 申请者
词块积累   apply to sb. for sth. 向某人申请某物
apply sth. to sth.   把......应用到......上
apply to sb. 对......适用
apply oneself to sth. 专注于做某事
 
Translate
1.我写信申请我们学校英语协会志愿者这个职位。
2.我们应该把学到的应用到日常生活。
3.这部法律适用于所有人。
4.近来，他专心学习。
1. I am writing to apply for the position of volunteer for our school English association.
2. We should apply what we learn to our daily life.
3. The law applies to everyone.
4. Recently, she has applied herself to her studies.

Sentence:
Paleontologists used micro-computed tomographic (层析成像的) scanning to reconstruct lagerpetids’ brains and sensory (感官的) systems within the recently discovered skulls, only to find many similarities to those of pterosaurs.u
这句话的主干是____________________
____________, 绿色部分充当________(成分)， only to do 充当________(成分)， 表示_________. those 指代___________________。
(Paleontologists used micro-computed tomographic scanning; 目的状语；结果状语；意料之外的结果；brains and sensory systems)

VI. Further information
翼龙又名翼手龙(Pterosauria)，是一种已经灭绝的爬行类，共有近100多个品种。它们 生存于晚三叠纪到白垩纪末，约2亿1000万年前到6500万年前。翼龙类是第一种飞行的脊椎动物，翼龙的翼是从位于身体侧面到四节翼指骨之间的皮肤膜衍生出来的。较早的物种有长而布满牙齿的颚部，以及长尾巴;较晚的物种有大幅缩短的尾巴，而且缺乏牙齿。翼龙类的体型有非常大的差距，从小如鸟类的森林翼龙，到地球上曾出现的最大型飞行生物，例如风神翼龙与哈特兹哥翼龙，翼展超过12米，牙齿有10厘米长，有巨大的尖嘴。