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高三教案 第331期
发布时间:2008-10-01

Tall and tough (P4)
Choose the best answer:
1. Ibrahimovic is called “half gangster” because _____.
A. he makes full use of his size advantage
B. he possesses all-round football skills
C. he is quite violent on the pitch
D. he combines skill with strength

2. From his words in Paragraph 7, we can see that Ibrahimovic ______.
A. believes violence is part of being a footballer
B. was proud of his being a terror in the childhood
C. thought playing on the streets is important practice for footballers
D. related his wild behaviors to his earlier practice in playing football

3. Which of the following is TRUE about Ibrahimovic?
A. He could make a great basketball player as well.
B. He shows no respect for his coaches.
C. He prefers to play on top teams.
D. He is a very good defender.

1.C。伊布被称为”half gangster”,原文为第六段Ibrahimovic’s skills are matched by his wild behavior on the pitch.说明他在场上很粗野、野蛮,所以C正确。

2.D。第七段中伊布说的话是:Playing on the streets is good if you have the talent but sometimes it’s not enough, you have to raise your voice, use your elbows.说明了他年少时在街头踢球的经历让他觉得光是才能和技巧还不够,有时还要用暴力,这种经历对他目前的情况有很大影响,所以应该选择D项。他说的是很个人的,所以排除AC这种很泛泛的对于足球的说法。而这句也看不出他对此很骄傲,所以排除B。

3.C。从最后两段可以看出他更愿意在最好的球队踢球,而没有留在原来被降级的球队中,所以C正确。原文提到他的个子高,完全可以选择打篮球,但并没有说他会成为非常好的篮球球员,所以A项错误。B项在文中他冲撞某个助理教练的例子不足以推断他对所有的教练都不尊重。D项文中说道他是striker(前锋), powerful shot(第四段)还有第二段末尾winning most battles in the air with defenders都说明他不是defender(后卫)。
Many languages... (P4)
Choose the best answer:
1. What may be the reasons why many languages are in danger of extinction EXCEPT________?
A. They are gradually replaced by another dominant language.
B. It’s easier to lose the languages that are only passed down orally.
C. Researchers do not do enough to help those endangered languages.
D. Some languages die out together with the death of their last few speakers.











2. What does the word "vanish" in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. disappear B. spread C. finish D. survive

3. What’s NOT mentioned as efforts made by researchers to rescue the dying languages?
A. To teach children to learn the endangered language.
B. To clear up the entire language families.
C. To interview and make recordings of the remaining speakers.
D. To collect and record their vocabulary and develop grammars.
4. What can be inferred about these endangered languages?
A. The researchers’ hard work makes no difference to the languages.
B. They can successfully survive with the researchers’ hard work.
C. Some can exist only in the form of written records without living speakers.
D. More and more languages are dying out at an even faster speed.

5. From the passage we can conclude that ____.
A. the researchers feel rather optimistic about the result of their rescue work
B. the disappearance of an unrecorded language means the loss of a culture
C. the indigenous languages can survive as long as they have developed their written forms
D. the government should take legal action to protect the indigenous languages

1.C。此题归纳了很多语言濒临灭绝危险的原因,文章第2段就提到两个原因,有些语言随着“the death of the sole surviving speaker”而消亡,或是被其他优势语种“edged out”(排挤出去)。文章第4段分析了没有书面语形式的土语更为脆弱,容易“消亡和被人遗忘”。只有C项说研究者没有尽力的问题,在文章中没有提到,所以是正确答案。

2. A。“vanish”和文中第1&2段中“extinction”, “disappear”, “are lost”,甚至和“are edged out”有相同语境,意思也大相径庭,就是“消失,灭绝”的意思。

3.B。此为细节题,在文章的倒数第2段可找到A,C,D项,只有B项,原文说的是preserving entire language families (也在倒数第二段),而不是整理清除,所以应该选择B项。

4. C。此为推理判断题,从文章最后一段“These are probably languages that cannot be brought back, but at least we made records of them,” 我们可以得知,研究者关于土语的未来并不是十分乐观,研究者的努力也不能避免一些土语的消亡,但研究者的工作仍然是有意义,至少他们保留了这些语言的相关记录,避免他们完全湮灭在历史的记忆中,所以只有C正确。

5. B。文章第4段末尾谈到土语保护的重要性,“Their loss leaves no dictionary, no text, or no record of the accumulated knowledge and history of a vanished culture.”很多土语没有书面语形式,一旦消亡,他们所承载的文化和知识积淀就会随之消亡。和B项表达的意思一致。第4段还谈到没有书面形式是土语容易消亡的原因之一,但不能反过来说,土语有了书面语就能成功幸存下来,因为并不是所有消亡的语言都没有书面语,所以排除C项。D项是全文没有涉及的内容。而A项从文章最后一段研究者的话看出他们很无奈,而不是很乐观,所以排除。

Summer leaves us (P6)
Choose the best answer:
1. Why do leaves change color in autumn?
A. Because the green chlorophyll disappears from the leaves.
B. Because the colors of yellow or red covered up by chlorophyll begin to show.
C. Because some other substances in the leaves make most of the bright reds or yellows.
D. All of the above.

2. Which of the following about chlorophyll is NOT true?
A. Without it photosynthesis couldn’t happen.
B. It is the reason why leaves have their green color.
C. It turns the leaves red during autumn.
D. It is a chemical that’s important for trees’ food making.

3. Which of the following is WRONG?
A. In winter trees cannot produce any sugar they need as food.
B. In winter trees do not consume sugar without chlorophyll.
C. Trees can survive the winter with the food storage.
D. In winter trees lack light or water for photosynthesis.

4. From the text we can see that photosynthesis _____.
A. can produce glucose, which can provide energy for trees’ growth
B. can happen whenever there is light and water
C. is the process of putting sunlight together with chlorophyll
D. doesn’t stop during the trees’ lifetime even in winter

5. What’s the author’s purpose of writing the passage?
A. To explain the process of trees’ photosynthesis.
B. To encourage readers to protect the environment.
C. To analyze the reasons why leaves change colors.
D. To help readers understand what leaves and trees are.

1.D。文章开头提出树叶在秋天变色的问题,在倒数第2、3段就此做了详细的回答,原因一:叶绿素 “disappears from the leaves”;原因二:人们开始看见在夏天本来就存在但被叶绿素覆盖的“yellow and orange”;原因三:“Sunlight and the cool nights of autumn turn this glucose into a red color.”等,所以D正确。

2.C。 此题归纳了叶绿素的作用,作用一:文章第4段提到有助于光合作用,第2、3段对光合作用的解释就是“turn water and carbon dioxide into glucose”;作用二:光合作用产生的 “glucose”就是树的“food”,其中“A chemical called chlorophyll (叶绿素)”起了很重要的作用,这在文章前三段都有谈及;作用三:文章第4段讲到“Chlorophyll is what gives plants their green color”;唯有选项C没有谈到,不是叶绿素的作用,所以选择C。

3.B。文章第5段开头就说“During winter, there is not enough light or water for photosynthesis.”树依靠的是“the food they stored during the summer”,关闭了“food-making factories”,就不再进行光合作用生成葡萄糖,但这并不意味着他们不再消耗任何糖份,这就是选择B的原因。

4.A。文章第二段讲光合作用产生葡萄糖“as food for energy and as a building block for growing”,A项正确。在冬天“there is not enough light or water for photosynthesis”,叶绿素消褪,光合作用就停止了,所以排除B、D选项。C项原文是第三段末尾”putting together with light”, 所以错误。

5.C。文章开头提出问题:树叶为什么在秋天变色?然后首先解释了树叶的作用,又进一步在文章最后三段作了详细明确的回答,所以该篇文章的目的是要分析树叶变色的原因。所以AD选项都是部分,而不是主旨,应该排除。至于B项环保,属于引申过度,超越了这篇科普文的内涵。

Still cool after all these years (P6)
Choose the best answer:
1. According to the passage, an early invention by Albert Einstein _____.
A. has been rediscovered because it costs much less and works more efficiently
B. is being redesigned because it could be used in places without electricity
C. has just been found to be energy-saving and environmentally friendly
D. will be fully made use of and become the fridge of the future

2. Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?
A. Freon was used in fridges long before the 1950s.
B. Freon is what makes current fridges big polluters.
C. McCulloch thinks he could improve Einstein’s design by using other types of vapors.
D. The fridge that Malcolm McCulloch and his team designed will be put into production soon.

3. We can learn from the text that the prototype completed _____.
A. changed the air pressure around it
B. was tested on the top of Mount Everest
C. increased the liquid boiling temperature
D. used only pressurized gases to keep things cold

4. McCulloch’s words in Paragraph 6 _____.
A. serve as an explanation for the principle behind Einstein’s fridge
B. give you the reason why Einstein's fridge was not efficient
C. tell you how to take advantage of low air pressure
D. show you how Einstein’s fridge works
1. B。主旨题。本题的原句是第一句An early invention by Albert Einstein has been rebuilt by scientists at Oxford University.和第三段的Now Malcolm McCulloch, an electrical engineer at Oxford, is leading a three-year project to develop appliances that can be used in places without electricity.所以B正确。A错在works more efficiently, 因为文中提到这种电冰箱被氟里昂电冰箱取代就是因为效率低。C错在just,文中没提到这一点。D文中也没提到。

2. B。细节题。原文在第二段,说氟里昂是一种人造的温室气体,比二氧化碳还破坏性强。所以B正确。A项的根据在第四段but the technology was dropped when more efficient compressors became popular in the 1950s. That meant a switch to using freons. 所以错误。C项错在vapors。D项文章最后一段说这项研究还在初始阶段,所以错误。

3. 细节题。the prototype completed 在第四段,所以D正确。

4. A。考查对上下文联系的理解。第五段提到了爱因斯坦的冰箱设计takes advantage of the fact that liquids boil at lower temperatures when the air pressure around them is lower,也就是它的设计原理。而第六段McCulloch的话是用具体的例子来讲解这个设计原理,所以A正确。


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