第27/765期初二教案

作者：汤红梅

Making a mini star (P6)

Pre-reading

Do you like to look at the night sky?

What do you think stars look like?

Have you ever thought about the treasure of the stars?

 

While reading

  When you look at the night sky, what you see are actually lots of “power plants” (发电厂). Every star makes

a huge amount of energy through nuclear fusion (核聚变). For years, scientists have tried to make this kind of energy. They need to make a “mini star” on Earth. Recently, some scientists made a big step forward.

a (huge) amount of:大量的;

翻译：每一颗星都能通过核聚变产生大量的能量。

练习：她花了大笔的钱买那件衣服。

She spent a huge amount of money on that coat. 

energy[ˈenədʒi]:  n.  精力，力气; 毅力; 努力; 能量;

翻译：每一颗星都能通过核聚变产生大量的能量。

练习：那是浪费时间和精力。

It's a waste of time and energy.

 

  In February, the Culham Centre for Fusion Energy in Oxfordshire, UK, doubled (加倍) a world record set in 1997. The machine there, named Jet, used fusion engines (发动机) to make the same amount of energy as four wind turbines (涡轮机) make, reported The Guardian.

set [set] :v.  放，置; 使处于; 以…为背景; 确定; 树立

amount  [əˈmaʊnt]：n.  金额; 数量，数额; 程度;

练习：我指望你来树立一个好榜样。

I rely on you to set a good example.

可怜的老人被这个数目吓了一跳。

The poor old man was frightened at the amount.

 

In the past, no experiment could make more energy than what was used to start the fusion engine. This new experiment, although it only lasted five seconds, showed it’s possible to make more power.

experiment[ɪkˈsperɪmənt] : n.  实验; 试用;

翻译：在过去，没有任何实验能比启动核聚变引擎产生更多的能量。

练习：试验不成功，我们决不罢手。

We will never stop until the experiment succeeds.

 

Another good thing about the experiment is that the reaction (反应) stopped when the equipment (设备) got too hot. This problem can be solved with cooling systems. Future fusion reactions may last much longer than five seconds – minutes or even hours.

solve [sɒlv] ： v.  解决; 破解;

翻译：这个问题可以通过冷却系统来解决。

练习：我们得想个法子解决这个问题.

We'll have to think of a way to solve the problem. 

 

last [lɑːst] ：adj.  最近的; 最后的; v.  持续; 使继续存在;

翻译：未来的聚变反应可能持续超过5秒。

练习：那出戏要演多长时间？

How long does the play last?

 

Why do we care so much about star power? Fusion reactions would provide power to everyone on Earth – enough for everyone to use for thousands or millions (百万) of years. They’re also clean – they don’t produce carbon dioxide or radioactive (放射性的) waste.

provide [prəˈvaɪd] : v.  提供; 规定;

翻译：核聚变反应将为地球上的每个人提供动力

练习：我们来这里是为公众服务。

We are here to provide a service for the public.

 

You may wonder why fusion energy is so hard to make. Creating conditions similar to a star is not easy. The machine must reach temperatures as high as 10 times that of the sun’s core (核).

condition [kənˈdɪʃn] ：n.  状况; 环境，处境; 条件，条款; 健康状况; 疾病;

翻译：创造类似于星星的条件并不容易。

练习：她的家境并没有得到改善。             

The condition of her family was not improving.

 

Even so, it’s time to get excited about star power. If it can be successfully rolled out (开展), it will be a landmark (里程碑) in human history.

excited [ɪkˈsaɪtɪd] ： adj.  激动的; 紧张不安的; 性兴奋的;

翻译：即便如此，现在是时候对恒星的力量感到兴奋了。

练习：一想到那次旅行他就兴奋.             

He was getting excited just thinking about the trip. 

 

Post-reading

With the understanding of star power, we began to do many scientific experiments to give power to everyone on Earth. Would you like to find and share more information about it?

 

Practice

Choose the answer:

1. What does the word “plants” in the first paragraph refer to?

A. scientists

B. nuclear plants

C. stars in the sky

D. mini stars on Earth

 

2. In 1997, the world record for nuclear fusion produced as much energy as _____.

A. a wind turbine

B. two wind turbines

C. three wind turbines

D. four wind turbines

 

3. According to the passage, what can make the reaction last longer?

A. Choosing hotter equipment.

B. Starting a new experiment.

C. Creating a warmer environment.

D. Using a cooling system.

 

4. What is Paragraph 5 mainly about?

A. Why we need to find cleaner power.

B. The amount of energy inside a star.

C. The advantages of fusion reactions.

D. Reasons to send people into space.

 

5. What can we learn about fusion energy from the passage?

A. It exists in a very cold environment.

B. Scientists are trying to take it from the core of the sun.

C. It is very difficult to make on Earth.

D. It is now useful in everyday life.

 

完成句子。

1. She put all her e ______ (能量) into her work.

2. She _____ (创造) a world record for the high jump.

3. His whole mind was trying out the _________ (实验)。

4. Electrification is a _________(里程碑) for mankind.

5. He could not work in these ________(条件) any longer.

 

翻译句子。

1. Beijing invested a huge amount of money inthe Olympics. 

2. Each worker should be provided with a computer

3. His salary this year is four times as much as last year.

 

1. 这个问题对我来说太难解决了。

2. 他不能入睡,因为他太兴奋了。

3. 我们在学习中前进了一大步。

 

参考答案：

1. 本题为细节推断题。由第一段前两句话可知，观夜空会看见“发电厂”，而每一颗星都能通过核聚变产生大量的能量，二者为同一事物的不同说法，故C为正确答案。

2. 本题为逻辑推理题。由第二段doubled a world record set in 1997… make the same amount of energy as four wind turbines make可知本次实验是1997年的两倍且与四个涡轮机产生的能量同量，故1997年等同两个涡轮机， 故选B。

3. 此题为细节信息题。由第四段This problem can be solved with cooling systems可知，冷却系统可以解决设备因过热而停止的问题，故D为正确答案。

4. 本题为归纳主旨题，本段是在回答这段的第一句话”why do we care so much about star power?”，亦是核聚变反应的优势，故C为正确答案。

5. 本题为归纳判断题，由文意可知，该实验历经数年虽然有最新的进步，但因条件要求高而影响进程，只有C选项陈述相符。

 

1. energies    2. set   3. experiment   4. landmark   5. conditions

 

1. 北京为奥运会投入了大量资金。

2. 每一工作人员应配给一部电脑。

3. 他今年的薪水是去年的四倍。

 

1. This problem is too hard for me to solve.

2. He couldn't sleep because he was too excited.

3. We've made a big step forward in our studies.