第36/685期初三教案

边晓霏

Plant yourself in an amazing world (P4-5)

 

 

I. New words

1. Or can they? A new BBC documentary series, The Green Planet (《绿色星球》), gives us a new look at plants. Released on Jan 10 on Bilibili, it uncovers the wonderful and dramatic (戏剧性的) ways that plants behave.

 

·release / rɪˈliːs / v. （释放; 发布; 发行; 放开）

  to release a movie/book/CD发行电影 / 书 / 激光唱片

  to release a prisoner/hostage 释放囚犯 / 人质

 

·uncover / ʌnˈkʌvə(r) / v. (揭开;发现;揭露;揭发)

  Police uncovered a plot to kidnap the children. 

  警方已侦破一起绑架孩子的阴谋。

 

2. “The Green Planet reveals (揭示) the secret lives of plants in the same way The Blue Planet (《蓝色星球》) opened our eyes to the oceans,” editor Elle Hunt wrote in New Scientist.

 

·open one’s eyes:大开眼界

·open one’s eyes to: 使某人看清，认识。

  This graduation trip opened our eyes. 

  这次的毕业旅行让我们大开眼界了。

 

3. Plants compete against each other to live. Each species has its own ways of defense (防御). In tropical (热带的) rainforests, different kinds of plants race for sunlight. The forest floor is described as a “battlefield” in the series as only two percent of the sunlight filters (透过) through it.

 

·compete against：反对某人，与...抗争，与...竞争。

  The young badminton player will compete against that old one in this summer competition.

  这个年轻的羽毛球运动员在这个夏天的比赛中将对抗那个老手。

 

·race for:比赛，竞争

 

4. Some plants like Monstera (龟背竹属植物) spread their big leaves to reach light. But they are caught up in a vine (藤本植物) that tries to hitch a ride (搭便车). Finally, they are both overtaken by a fast-growing balsa (轻木) tree.

 

·catch up(with):赶上; 追上; 跟上;

  He's doing extra work to catch up with the rest of the class.

  为了赶上班里的其他同学,他做了很多额外的功课.

 

·overtake : v. 追上；超过；

  I had to walk very fast to overtake you.
  我不得不快走才能赶过你。

 

5. As the balsa has slippery (光滑的) hairs on its leaves, the vine can’t get a hold. Similarly, some trees make poisonous sap (毒汁) to protect themselves.

 

·get a hold: 抓住

·get a hold of sb: 联系某人

  I need to know how to get a hold of Tom. 

  我需要知道怎么能联系上汤姆。

 

6. Time-lapse photography 延时摄影

 

II. Key points

7. Plants also help each other and even communicate. In deserts, the roots of Euphrates poplar (胡杨) are connected. If a tree finds water, it will share it with others through the roots.

 

·connect [kəˈnekt] v.接通; 联结; 使…连接; 与…有联系（或关联）;

  connect with 和……有关,和……有联系

  connect to 把……连接到…

  The towns are connected by train and bus.

  这些城镇由火车和公共汽车连接起来。

 

8. We depend upon them for every mouth of food that we eat and every lungful of air (一口气) that we breathe,” said David Attenborough, presenter of the series. It’s time to look after wild plants just as carefully as our houseplants.

 

·depend upon: 依靠；依赖；取决于；

  Don’t always depend upon others; you should work by yourself.  

  不要总是想着依赖别人，你要自己努力。

 

·Look after : 照看；照顾

  He can look after his grandfather.

  = He can take care of his grandfather. 他能照顾好他的爷爷。

 

III. Choose the answer

1. What helps balsa reach more sunlight?

A. Its big leaves can take in more sunlight.

B. It takes a ride on a fast-growing vine.

C. It grows fast and its slippery leaves keep vines away.

D. It can produce poisonous sap to stop other plants growing over it.

 

2. The author mentions Euphrates poplar to show how _____.

A. plants communicate with other species

B. plants interact with each other

C. plants can avoid danger

D. valuable water is in the wild

 

3. David Attenborough probably agrees that _____.

A. plants are difficult to study

B. houseplants also need our attention

C. plants play a big role in our lives

D. many wild plants are endangered

 

IV. Words in use

A. Fill in the blanks.

1. The famous writer will _____ (发行) his second book next month .

2. I was riding my bicycle along the road when a car _____ (超过) me.

3. All living things _____ (依靠) the sun to grow.

4. He can’t go to the cinema because he has to _____ (照顾) his younger brother.

5.He is _____ (联系)with the murder.

6. Reading more books will _____. (开阔你的眼界)

7. The dish had been _____ (揭开) when I entered the kitchen.

 

B. Choose the answer.

1.  Whether I would forgive him or not _____ his attitude.    

A. links with                       B. connects with

C. depends upon                 D. decides on

 

2.  My work is to _____ the animals at the zoo.

A. look in                           B. look over

C. look after                      D. look through

 

3. She couldn't go to school for a few weeks because of an illness, but she'll be able to _____her lessons quickly.

A. race for                     B. catch up with

C. compete against          D. catch  on

 

V. Further reading

Read the passage and answer the questions.

  Bamboo (竹子) is one of nature's (自然) most surprising plants. Many people call this plant a tree, but it is a kind of grass.

  Like other kinds of grass, a bamboo plant may be cut very low to the ground, but it will grow back very quickly. A Japanese scientist reported one bamboo plant which grew 1.5 meters in 24 hours! Bamboo grows almost everywhere in the world except Europe. There are more than 1,000 kinds of bamboo.

  Not all bamboo looks the same. Some bamboo plants are very thin. They may only grow to be a few centimeters wide while others may grow to more than 30 cm across. This plant also comes in different colors, from yellow to black to green.

  Bamboo is used to make many things, such as hats and kitchen tools ( 厨房用具). Because it is strong, bamboo is also used to make buildings.

  Many Asian countries have used bamboo for hundreds of years. They often use bamboo for buildings and supporting (支撑) new buildings and bridges while they are being built. In Africa, farmers are taught how to find water using bamboo. Many countries there need cheap ways to find water. Bamboo pipes ( 管子) help farmers bring water to their fields without spending a lot of money.

 

Choose the answer.

1.How is bamboo like grass?

A. It grows quickly.         B. It's wood.

C. It is easy to cut.          D. It is very thin.

 

2. Though you can see bamboo everywhere, it doesn't grow _____.

A. in China                           B. in Europe

C. on mountains                 D. in Africa

 

3. - Why is bamboo used by African farmers?

  - Because _____.

A. it is cheap                     B. it has different colors

C. it is strong                    D. it has been used by Asians

 

4. Bamboo pipes can _____.

A. make money                      B. be trees

C. grow quickly          D. carry water

 

5. In Asia, bamboo has been used for _____.

A. a short time                       B. thousands of years

C. hundreds of years        D. about 100 years

 

 

 

参考答案

III. 1. C。轻木叶面有光滑的绒毛，藤本植物抓不住，所以最后轻木能不被其它植物影响，获得更多光照。

2. B。Plants also help each other and even communicate. In deserts, the roots of Euphrates poplar are connected.

植物之间互相帮助和交流。在沙漠，胡杨的根就是连接在一起。所以选B。

3. C。该纪录片的导演David Attenborough说，“植物是所有生命的基础，包括我们自己。我们依赖于植物，我们吃到的每一口食物和呼吸的每一口气都得益于植物。”我们应该像照看家养的植物一样去照看野外植物。因此答案选C。

IV. A: 1. release 2. overtook 3. depend upon 4. look after 5. connected 6. open your eyes 7. uncovered

B: CCB

V. 1. A。Like other kinds of grass, a bamboo plant may be cut very low to the ground, but it will grow back very quickly.

就像其他的草一样，竹子可以被砍到距离地面很近，但是它仍然长得很快。所以选A。

2. B。Bamboo grows almost everywhere in the world except Europe.除了欧洲竹子可以在世界上的任何地方生长。所以选B。

3. A。In Africa, farmers are taught how to find water using bamboo. 在非洲，穷苦的农民被教授怎么通过使用竹子来寻找水源。所以是因为竹子很便宜。选A。

4. D。Bamboo pipes help farmers bring water to their thirsty fields without spending a lot of money.

竹子管子帮助贫穷的农民不用花费很多钱就能引水到田。所以选D。

5. C。Many Asian countries have used bamboo for hundreds of years.许多亚洲国家用竹子几百年了。所以选C。

 

 

 

 

 

 

Sky-high technology (P6)

 

 

I. New words

1. At present, there are more than 3,000 active satellites moving around the Earth, according to Statista, a German company working on market data.

 

·active / ˈæktɪv /adj. （积极的，活跃的）

  He is an active member of the school's stamp club.

  他是学校集邮俱乐部的一名活跃会员。

 

·be active in表示积极参加

  He is active in politics. 他积极参加政治活动。

  派生词：activity活动  activities （复数）

  He takes an active part in school activities.

 

2. Satellites do all kinds of work, from transmitting (传送) TV signals to giving you directions on the road to helping scientists do research.

 

·transmit [ trænzˈmɪ t] v.(传播信号，节目，无线电波传输)

  The World Cup final is being transmitted live to over 50 countries.

  世界杯决赛现在正在向50多个国家实况转播。

 

·transform 是指完全改变某人某物的外观或特性

  She used to be shy, but a year abroad has completely transformed her.

  她过去很腼腆，但是在国外待了一年完全变了。

 

·transfer 是指把某人某事物从一个地方转移到另一个地方 比如“迁移”，引申出来的意思;调任，换乘，转让财产等

  The head office was transferred from London to New York.

  总部已由伦敦迁往纽约。

 

3. With satellites, TV signals and phone calls can be sent directly to a satellite and back down to different locations on Earth.

 

·location：[ləʊˈkeɪʃn]n. 地方; 地点; 位置;

  It is a suitable location for a new school.

  那是建一所新学校的合适地点。

 

·locate: v. 定位; 找出…的准确位置;

  be located in/on: 坐落于；位于 

  His house is located on a beautiful island.

  他的房子坐落于一个美丽的小岛上。

 

4. They help scientists predict changes in weather and climate.

 

·predict:[prɪˈdɪkt] v.预测; 预言; 预报; 预告;

  They predicted that the next year would be a good harvest. 

  他们预言下一年将是大丰收年。

 

·prediction:[prɪˈdɪkʃn] n.预言; 预测; 预告;

  We all believed in her prediction.

  我们都相信她的预言。

 

II. Key words

5. Every now and then you may see news of satellites (卫星) sent into space. On Feb 21, for example, US company SpaceX took 46 satellites into orbit (轨道).

send短语：

send for: “派人请”，He is ill, please send for a doctor.

send away: “撵走，开除”，The boss sent him away.

send up: “发射”，Man-made satellites have been sent up into space by many countries.

send into: 使处于(某种状态)； 使变得； 把 ... 送入 ...

He was sent into prison for stealing. 　　

他由于偷窃被送入监狱。

 

6. a German company working on market data

work的短语：

work on 影响，对…起作用；继续工作；从事于…；

work out 解决；算出；实现；制定出；消耗完；弄懂. work at 从事于……；致力于……

work for 效劳；为…工作；为…效力

 

7.SpaceX’s Starlink project is trying to go further. It plans to use satellites to provide internet in the future.v

 

·try to do sth  尽力做某事； 努力做某事

  He tried to finish the work ahead of time.

  他设法提前完成这件工作.

 

·try doing sth 试着做某事, 试验做某事

  Why not try going by plane for a change?

  为什么不换乘飞机呢?

 

8. By monitoring (监测) wildfires and volcanoes, satellites help emergency workers (应急人员) deal with natural disasters.

·deal with和do with两条短语主要是表示“对付”“处理”。

·deal with 习惯上与how搭配，而do with 习惯上与what 搭配，例如： 

  I don’t know how to deal with him.  

  我不知怎样与他相处。

  What shall I do with your mail?  

  我应该怎么处理您的信件?

 

9.They may look for water on Mars or take close-up pictures of Saturn’s rings (土星环).

look 的短语：

look at v. 看；考虑；着眼于

look for 寻找 

look forward 期待；盼望

look up 仰望；查阅；尊敬；拜访 

look after 照顾；关心；目送

look back 回顾；回头看

 

III. Choose the answer

1. What does the writer want to express in Paragraph 1?

A. There is a serious competition between China and the US.

B. The US has the most satellites in space.

C. China has 22 satellites in space altogether.

D. Humans send many satellites into space.

 

2. The satellites for the Beidou system can help _____.

A. shared bikes last longer

B. locate items more accurately

C. Beidou chips work more accurately

D. drones fly farther

 

3. What can satellites do at present, according to the story?

a. Transmit telephone signals.

b. Help scientists do researches.

c. Provide information about the environment.

d. Stop natural disasters.

A. abc        B. abd         C. acd         D. bcd

 

4. What is the main message of the story?

A. The difficulty of sending a satellite into space.

B. Advantages and disadvantages of satellites.

C. Why countries are competing to send satellites into space.

D. What satellites can do for us.

 

IV. Words in use

A. Fill in the blanks.

1.Vesuvius is an _____ (积极的) volcano(火山).

2. There are many _____ (activity) in our school.

3. It is a suitable l _____ (位置) for a new shop.

4.The school _____ (坐落于) a quiet village.

5. The scientists _____ (预测) it will be sunny next week.

 

B. Choose the answer.

1. I have _____ all my papers but I still can’t find my notes.

A. looked through              B. looked for

C. looked after                     D. looked out

 

2. We will _____ the project in May.

A. work for                            B. work on  

C. work off                      D. work in

 

3. The boy was _____ prison for stealing money.

A. sent off                 B. sent to

C. sent out                   D. sent for

 

4. A telegram will be the quickest way to _____ the message.

A. transmit                  B. transform

C. transfer                    D. transportation

 

5. You should try _____ more water every day.

A. to drink                         B. drinking    

C. drank                              D. drunk

 

V. Further reading

    Now satellites are helping to forecast(预报) the weather. They are in space, and they can reach any part of the world. The satellites take pictures of the atmosphere (大气), because this is where the weather forms (形成). They send these pictures to the weather stations. So meteorologists(气象学家) can see the weather of any part of the world. From the pictures, the scientists can often say how the weather will change.

    Today, nearly five hundred weather stations in sixty countries receive satellite pictures. When they receive new pictures, the meteorologists compare them with earlier ones. Perhaps they may find that the clouds have changed during the last few hours. This may mean that the weather on the ground may soon change, too. In their next weather forecast, the meteorologists can say this.  

    So the weather satellites are a great help to the meteorologists. Before satellites were invented, the scientists could forecast the weather for about 24or 48 hours. Now they can make good forecasts for three or five days. Soon, perhaps, they may be able to forecast the weather for a week or more ahead (提前).

 　

Choose the answer.

1. Satellites travel _____.   　　

A. in space                                   

B. above space

C. above the ground       

D. in the atmosphere   　

 

2. Why do we use the weather satellites to take pictures of the atmosphere? Because _____.   　　

A. clouds form there             

B. the weather forms there   　　

C. the weather satellites can do it easily

D. the pictures can forecast the weather   　

 

3. Meteorologists forecast the weather _____.   　

A. without studying satellite pictures   　　

B. before they receive satellite pictures   　　

C. when they have received satellite pictures   　　

D. after they have compared the new satellite pictures with the earlier ones   　　

 

4. Maybe we’ll be able to forecast the weather for _____.   　　

A. one day

B. two days   　　

C. five days

D. seven days or even longer　

 

5. The main idea of this passage is that satellites are now used in _____.   　

A. taking pictures of Earth    

B. receiving pictures of the atmosphere   　　

C. weather forecasting          

D. doing other work in many ways

 

 

 

参考答案

III. 1. D。通过第一段中国和美国发射卫星，并不是两国之间的竞争，也没有谈到哪个国家发射的卫星多，只是提到了各个国家都在发射卫星。所以选D。

2. B。Shared bikes that use BeiDou chips (芯片) can have more accurate (精准的) positioning, making them easier to find. Drones (无人机) can also use BeiDou to fly.共享单车使用北斗芯片能够有精确的位置，便于找到。无人机也能够准确的使用北斗飞翔。所以选B。

3. A。卫星能够传输电视/电话信号；帮助科学家研究；卫星也可以提供关于天气和气候的信息，科学家能够推测出气象变化。卫星并不能阻止自然灾害的发生。所以选A。

4. D。Why do we need so many satellites? What do they do out there?通过文中第一段我们得知我们生活需要卫星，整篇文章都在讲述卫星的作用。所以选D。

IV. A: 1. active 2. activities 3. location 4. is located in 5. predict          

B: ABBAB

V. 1. A。Now satellites are helping to forecast the weather. They are in space, and they can reach any part of the world. 卫星能够帮助预测天气。他们在太空里。选择A。

2. D。From the pictures, the scientists can often say how the weather will change 选择D。

3. D。The meteorologists compare them with earlier ones. Perhaps they may find that the clouds have changed during the last few hours. This may mean that the weather on the ground may soon change, too.所以选择D。

4. D。文章结尾的 Soon, perhaps, they may be able to forecast the weather for a week or more ahead 这句即是答案之所在。选择D。

5. C。文章首句Now satellites are helping to forecast(预报) the weather.选择C。