第30-31/768期初二教案2

作者：汤红梅

Sky-high technology (P6)

Pre-reading

It’s said that there are more than 3,000 active satellites moving around Earth. What do they do up there?

 

Every now and then you may see news of satellites (卫星) sent into space. On Feb 21, for example, US company SpaceX took 46 satellites into orbit (轨道). On Feb 27, China sent 22 satellites into space. Why do we need so many satellites? What do they do out there?

send [send]: v.  寄，发送; 传达; 派遣，打发; 使快速移动; 使进入(某种状态);

翻译：你时不时会看到卫星被送入太空的新闻。

练习：向宇宙飞船发出了无线电信号。

A radio signal was sent to the spacecraft.

 

At present, there are more than 3,000 active satellites moving around the Earth, according to Statista, a German company working on market data. Satellites do all kinds of work, from transmitting (传送) TV signals to giving you directions on the road to helping scientists do research.

at present:目前，现在; 时下; 现下; 此时;

翻译：目前，有超过3000颗活跃的卫星绕地球运行。

练习：目前，14岁以下儿童不允许进酒吧。

At present, children under 14 are not permitted in bars. 

 

direction  [dɪˈrekʃn] :n.  方向，趋势; 动向; 方面; 目标; 管理，指示; 用法说明; 导演指导;

翻译：卫星做各种各样的工作，从传送电视信号到给你指路，再到帮助科学家做研究。

练习：他方向感很差，一会儿就迷路了。 

He had a poor sense of direction and soon got lost. 

 

  For example, the 22 satellites China just sent up are part of the Beidou Navigation Satellite System (北斗卫星导航系统). Shared bikes that use BeiDou chips (芯片) can have more accurate (精准的) positioning, making them easier to find. Drones (无人机) can also use BeiDou to fly.

send up :发射; 使向上升; 毁坏; 使沿…上升;

翻译：例如，中国刚刚发射的22颗卫星就是北斗卫星导航系统的一部分。

练习：据报道中国将再发射一颗人造卫星。

 It is reported that China will send up another man-made satellite. 

 

position  [pəˈzɪʃn] :v. 安放; 定位; 驻扎;

n.  位置; 姿势; 地位; 职位; 名次; 处境; 立场; 阵地;

翻译：使用北斗芯片的共享单车可以有更准确的定位，使他们更容易找到。

练习：他到门边就位。

He took up his position by the door.

 

Before satellites, TV signals didn’t go very far. Mountains or tall buildings would block (阻碍) them. Phone calls to faraway places were also a problem. Setting up telephone wires (线) over long distances (距离) is difficult.

signal  [ˈsɪɡnəl] : n.  信号; 红绿灯;

翻译：在卫星出现之前，电视信号不会传播很远，山脉或高楼会阻挡它们

练习：红色信号表示可以射击。

The red signal means you can shoot. 

 

With satellites, TV signals and phone calls can be sent directly to a satellite and back down to different locations on Earth. SpaceX’s Starlink project is trying to go further. It plans to use satellites to provide internet in the future.

location   [ləʊˈkeɪʃn] : n.  地点，位置; （电影的）外景拍摄地; 定位;

翻译：有了卫星，电视信号和电话可以直接发送到卫星，然后返回到地球上的不同地点。

练习：在最后一刻改变了地点。

The location was changed at the last minute. 

 

Satellites can also provide information about clouds, oceans, land and ice. They help scientists predict changes in weather and climate. By monitoring (监测) wildfires and volcanoes, satellites help emergency workers (应急人员) deal with natural disasters. Farmers can use satellite images to decide the best time to water their fields.

deal with：处理，应付;

翻译：通过监测野火和火山，卫星帮助紧急救援人员应对自然灾害。

练习:我自己把事情解决了，对此他很满意。

I decided to deal with the problem myself. 

 

Some satellites fly near other planets. They may look for water on Mars or take close-up pictures of Saturn’s rings (土星环). In 2020, video website Bilibili sent a satellite into space. Its job is to look at other planets and share the pictures and videos with Bilibili’s users.

fly  [flaɪ]： vi.  飞; 飞行; （旗）飘荡; 过得快;

vt.& vi.  乘（…的）飞机; 驾驶（飞机等）;

翻译：一些卫星会靠近其他行星飞行。

练习：飞机穿越云层。

The planes flew through the clouds. 

 

Post-reading

Humans have entered into a new era of global navigation satellite systems (GNSS). The Beidou navigation system should not only go along with the development trend of GNSS, but try to go its own way.

 

Practice

Choose the answer:

1. What does the writer want to express in Paragraph 1?

A. There is a serious competition between China and the US.

B. The US has the most satellites in space.

C. China has 22 satellites in space altogether.

D. Humans have sent many satellites into space.

 

2. The satellites for the Beidou system can help _____.

A. shared bikes last longer

B. locate items more accurately

C. Beidou chips work more accurately

D. drones fly farther

 

3. What can satellites do at present, according to the story?

a. Transmit telephone signals.

b. Help scientists do researches.

c. Provide information about the environment.

d. Stop natural disasters.

A. abc        B. abd         C. acd         D. bcd

 

4. What is the main message of the story?

A. The difficulty of sending a satellite into space.

B. Advantages and disadvantages of satellites.

C. Why countries are competing to send satellites into space.

D. What satellites can do for us.

 

完成句子。

1. Tom went off in the ______ (方向) of his home.

2. Where would be the best ______ (位置) for the lights?

3. A train must not pass a ____ (信号) that is in danger.

4. It is a suitable ______ (地点) for a new school.

5. She ______ (寄送) the letter by airmail.

 

翻译句子。

1. I can't use my office at present. 

2. Why don‘t you send a smoke signal?

3. He dived into the water to look for the lost ring.

 

1. 喜怒无常的人很难打交道。

2.明天我要乘飞机去香港。

3.他驾车直接把她送到了她下榻的旅馆。。

 

参考答案：

1. 本题为归纳总结题。本段陈述了2月份中美两国发送的卫星数，以为例进行佐证我们向太空中发送了很多卫星，不存在比较对比，故D为正确答案。

2. 本题为细节理解题。由Shared bikes that use BeiDou chips can have more accurate positioning.可知，北斗系统能够帮助更精准地进行定位，因此B选项为正确答案。

3. 此题为信息整合题。由文意可知，卫星可以转换信号、帮助科学实验、观测自然环境，与abc表述，d为阻止自然灾害不符文中“帮助紧急救援人员应对”，故A为正确答案。

4. 本题为归纳总结题，由最后三段可知这三个公司用各自不同的方式进行电子垃圾的再利用，做出了积极的示范，故D为正确答案。

 

完成句子。

1. direction  2. position  3. signal   4. location  5. sent

 

翻译句子。

1. 我目前不能使用我的办公室。

2. 你为什么不放一些烟信号?

3. 他潜入水底找寻丢失的戒指。

 

1. Moody people are very difficult to deal with.

2. I'm flying to Hong Kong tomorrow.

3. He drove her directly to her hotel.