第35-36/772期初二教案
作者：汤红梅
Tiny krill support ocean life (P6)
Pre-reading
Have you ever heard of Antarctic krill?
It’s said that little krill play a big role in the marine food chain. How?

While reading
Have you ever dreamed of becoming a marine (海洋的) scientist? If you have, you might need to prepare for trips to Antarctica!
dream [driːm]: n.  梦（想）; 理想; 美好的事; 胡思乱想;
                        v. 做梦; 渴望; 想到;
翻译：你有没有梦想过成为一名海洋科学家？
练习：她梦想自己开公司。
She dreams of running her own business.

Rob King is a marine biologist from Australia. He studies Antarctic krill (磷虾). Each year, he does research in the world’s coldest place. In January, he returned from his latest journey there, which lasted 39 days.
return [rɪˈtɜːn] : v.  返回; 归还; 恢复; 重提; 回报，
翻译：今年1月，他结束了最近的39天的旅行。
练习：她是什么时候旅行回来的？
When did she return home from the trip?

“Each year we collect fresh samples (样本) of Antarctic krill to bring back to our research center in Australia,” said King. “This way we can do long-term (长期的) research, beyond the length of a trip, on animals that can live for several years.”
fresh   [freʃ] : adj.  不同的; 最近的; 新鲜的; 洁净的; 清新
的; 清凉的; （水）淡的;
翻译：每年我们都会收集新鲜的南极磷虾样本，然后带回我们在澳大利亚的研究中心。

Little krill play a big role in the marine food chain (链条). They eat phytoplankton (浮游植物), while they are eaten by fish, squid, seabirds, penguins, seals and whales. According to King, Antarctic krill are a particularly important kind of krill. Their biomass (the total weight of all krill on Earth) is second only to that of humans.
play a role in:在…起作用;
 翻译：小磷虾在海洋食物链中扮演着重要角色。
练习：环境会影响创造过程吗？
Does the environment play a role in the creative process?

However, as climate change warms the Southern Ocean, the area for krill to hatch (孵化) and grow is shrinking (缩减). “Our research tries to better understand the effects of climate change on krill,” said King. He added that their research can help inform governments when making environmental policies.
climate [ˈklaɪmət] :n.  气候; 氛围; 形势;
翻译：然而，随着气候变化使南大洋变暖，磷虾孵化和生长的面积正在缩小。
练习：你们国家的气候怎样？
What is the climate like in your country ?
inform [ɪnˈfɔːm]: v.  通知; 了解; 对…有影响;
翻译：他补充说，他们的研究可以帮助政府在制定环境政策时提供信息。
练习：宗教影响着他们生活的各个方面。
Religion informs every aspect of their lives.

King said one of the highlights (高光时刻) in his career was traveling to Antarctica. “Trips to Antarctica are usually one to three months long,” he said. “Before setting out we would have some training, including survival (生存) at sea, fire fighting, and how to work well in a team. It’s really a great experience for me to see the vastness (广大) and beauty of the environment there.”
set out [ʌpˈset] :出发；启程；（怀着目标）开始工作;
翻译：在出发之前，我们会接受一些训练，包括海上生存，灭火，以及如何在团队中很好地工作。
练习：他们动身踏上最后一段行程。
They set out on the last stage of their journey.

Post-reading
A single krill does not have much meat. But all together, the world’s krill population weighs up to 500 million tons. Is this the greatest biomass of animal on Earth?

Practice
Choose the answer: 
1. Why does the scientist bring Antarctic krill to Australia?
A. To stop the krill from disappearing.
B. To develop Australian tourism.
C. To do long-term research.
D. To weigh the krill.

2. What makes Antarctic krill important?
A. The fact that they can live for many years.
B. Their help to reduce phytoplankton.
C. The role they play in marine food chains.
D. Their similarities to humans.

3. According to King,  his research on the krill can help scientists _____.
A. protect the area where the krill live
B. make better environmental policies
C. learn more about the effects of climate change
D. find new living area for the krill

4. What did King feel about his trip to Antarctica?
A. He felt bored because he had to stay there for a long time.
B. He felt happy because he could be free from work.
C. He felt scared because of the bad weather.
D. He felt excited because it was an important moment in his career.

完成句子。
1. Please ______ (通知) us of any changes.
2. I took a deep breath of the ______ (新鲜的) sea air.  
3. You will soon get used to the ______ (气候) here.
4. He will be pleased to have a ______ (改变) of air. 
5. Her performance was the ______ (高光时刻) of the show.  

翻译
1. She had dreamed of becoming an actress.
2. I returned from work to find the house empty.
3. Numerous studies have shown that diet plays a role in cancer.  
1. 请在周末前把图书馆的书全部归还。
2. 她乘坐一只小船从海岸出发。
3. 抱最好的希望，作最坏的准备。

参考答案：
1. 本题为理解判断题。由原文可知，带南极虾回来旨在对能存活几年的时间的它们进行长期的研究，故C为正确答案。
2. 本题为细节理解题。由Little krill play a big role in the marine food chain可知，小磷虾在海洋食物链中扮演着重要角色，因此C为正确答案。
3. 此题为细节理解题。由第五段Our research tries to better understand the effects of climate change on krill.可知，他的研究能够帮助scientists更好地了解气候变化对虾带来的影响，因此C为正确答案。
4. 此题为归纳总结题。由最后一段可知，King将他的南极之行视为职业生涯的高光时刻，是非常棒的经历，因此D为正确答案。

1. inform   2. fresh  3. climate  4. change  5. highlight
1. 她曾梦想成为一名女演员。
2. 我下班回来，发现屋里空无一人。
3. 许多研究表明，饮食对癌症有重要作用。
1. Please return all library books by the end of the week.
2. She set out from the coast in a small boat.
3. Hope for the best and prepare for the worst.