第43/692期初三教案2

顾晓辉

 

 

Going with the flow (P6)

 

 

I. New words

1. 1. Many people under lockdown feel lonely and bored.

·lockdown /ˈlɑːkdaʊn/ n. 封锁

The hospital was under complete lockdown.

整间医院都被封锁。

Prisoners have been placed on lockdown to prevent further violence at the jail.

已对囚犯实行活动限制，以免狱中再出现暴力行为。

 

2. There is a loneliness epidemic.

·epidemic /ˌepɪˈdemɪk/ n. 流行病;(迅速的)泛滥，蔓延

adj. 流行性的;极为盛行的

Staff shortages were worsened by the flu epidemic.

由于流感，职员短缺的情况更加严重了。

To call stress an epidemic isn't an exaggeration.

把压力比喻成一种流行病这种说法一点也不夸张。

 

3. So he… studied how to reduce loneliness and increase positive feelings during the pandemic.

·positive /ˈpɑːzətɪv/ adj. 积极乐观的;自信的;阳性的;正数的;正电的

n. 优势;优点;正片;阳性结果(或反应)

His family have been a very positive influence on him.

他的家庭对他有十分良好的影响。

The athlete tested positive for steroids.

这个运动员类固醇检测呈阳性。

 

4.When people are absorbed in (全神贯注于) what they are doing...

·absorbed /əbˈzɔːrbd/ adj. 被…吸引住;专心致志;全神贯注

v. 吸收(液体、气体等);使并入;吞并;同化;理解;掌握。

absorb的过去式和过去分词。

It's a lot of information to absorb all at once.

要一下子消化这么多资料，真是很难。

She seemed totally absorbed in her book.

她好像完全被这本书迷住了。

 

5. …reduced loneliness has something to do with doing enjoyable activities that require both concentration (注意力) and skill.

·concentration /ˌkɑːnsnˈtreɪʃn/ n. 浓度;集中;专心;专注;关注

His facial expression was of complete concentration.

他脸上完全是一副全神贯注的表情。

·concentrate /ˈkɑːnsntreɪt/ v.

·concentrate on sth

He is leaving the band to concentrate on his writing.

他要离开乐队去专职写作。

 

6. …there must be a balance between the challenge of the task and your skill level

·challenge /ˈtʃælɪndʒ/ n.挑战

Schools must meet the challenge of using new technologies.

学校必须迎接使用新技术的挑战。

·vt. 向(某人)挑战;考查…的能力;考验…的技巧;盘问

The job doesn't really challenge her.

这份工作对她没有什么挑战性。

 

7. …then boredom will set in and “flow” will not appear, either.

·appear /əˈpɪr/ v.显得;看来;似乎;出现;呈现;显现;起源;

This problem first appeared in the inner cities.

这个问题最初在市区中心出现。

It would appear that this is a major problem.

看来这是个主要问题。

 

II. Key points

1. …reduced loneliness has something to do with doing enjoyable activities that require both concentration (注意力) and skill.

·has something to do with  和...有关

·have nothing to do with 和...无关

Her job has something to do with computers.

她的工作与计算机有些关系。

That has nothing to do with what we're discussing.

那与我们所讨论的问题毫不相干。

 

2. Flow can be achieved by doing activities that we value and that require us to concentrate fully to use our skills.

心流可以通过做一些我们重视的活动来实现，这些活动要求我们全神贯注地使用我们的技能。

·can be achieved by 可以通过...被达成，含有情态动词的被动语态

In life, a lot can be achieved through hard work.

在生活中，很多事情都可以通过努力来实现。  

·that we value 作activities的定语从句，后面的that指代的是activities.

·require sb to do sth需要某人做某事

The job will require you to use all your skills to the maximum.

这项工作将要求你最大限度地发挥你的技能。

 

3. …then you’re likely to feel stressed instead of achieving “flow”.

·be likely to 有可能，很可能

It is more likely to rain on Monday than Tuesday.

星期一下雨的可能性比星期二大。  

·instead of  而不是;代替;作为…的替换

He put a plus instead of a minus.

（= He put a plus instead.）他填了个加号而不是减号。

 

4. …then boredom will set in and “flow” will not appear, either.

·set in（不好的事情）产生，开始，到来，恶化

The wheels of change have been set in motion.

变革的车轮已经开始运转。

The movie is set in the future.

这部电影以未来为背景。

·also，either， too，as well的区别

·either adv.也 用于否定句句末

Peter can't go and I can't either.

皮特不能去，我也不能。

·also用于肯定句句中

I went to New York last year, and I also spent some time in Washington.

我去年去了纽约，还在华盛顿待了些时间。

·too/as well用于肯定句句末

‘I’m going home now.’ ‘I’ll come too.’ (I'll come as well)

 

·either

·pron. (两者中的)任何一个;

You may take either of the two.

你可以从两个中间挑任何一个。

·conj. either...or....不是...就是...;或者...或者...

I think she's either Russian or Polish.

我看她不是俄罗斯人就是波兰人。

 

5. If you have artistic skills, for example, playing the piano or painting can lead to flow. So can things like skiing, writing and storytelling, depending on who you are.

例如，如果你有艺术技能，弹钢琴或画画可以让你产生心流。滑雪、写作和讲故事也可以，这取决于你是怎么样的人。

·depending on...做伴随状语，修饰前面的话。

·lead to导致;通向

There were fears that privatization would lead to job losses.   

人们担心私有化会导致失业。

 

·So can things... 倒装句

so + 情／助／be动词+主语是完全倒装句，表示前句所述（肯定）情况也适用于后一主语。

-- Tom left his homework at home. Tom把作业落家里了。

-- So did I. 我也是。

 

·so +主语 + 情／助／be动词是不完全倒装句，表示对上一种情况的肯定

--Tom swims very well. Tom游泳很好.

--So he does. 他的确游得好.

 

·depend on（upon）取决于，依赖于

·count on 指望

·rely on 依靠

·count on 依靠，指望。

Children depend on their parents for food and clothing.

小孩依赖父母供给衣食。

 

 

III. Choose the answer

1. What did Dattilo study?

A. Why people feel lonely.

B. How to reduce loneliness.

C. What enjoyable activities are.

D. Why people like a new challenge.

 

2. How do people feel when they enter the “flow” state?

A. They are concentrated and happy.

B. They feel time passes too quickly.

C. They feel stressed and tired.

D. They are lonely and bored.

 

3. Which activity can help people achieve flow?

A. Watching TV.

B. Eating nuts.

C. Writing.

D. Chatting.

 

4. What can we do to reduce loneliness during lockdown, according to Dattilo?

A. Follow a healthy lifestyle.

B. Learn as many skills as possible.

C. Do some enjoyable and challenging tasks.

D. Complete impossible challenges.

 

IV. Word in use

A. Choose the word or phrases to fill in blanks.

appear, depend on, lead to, challenge, has something to do with, instead of, set in

1. You can rely on him to respond to a ________. 

2. Slowly, an image began to ________ on the screen. 

3. The movie is ________ the future.

4. You can ________ what he says.   

5. A poor diet will ultimately ________ illness. 

6. He put a plus ________ a minus.

7. Her job ________ computers.

 

B. Fill in the blanks following the tips.

1. Take your weaknesses and translate them into ________ (positive). 

2. He nodded absently, his attention ________ ( absorb) by the screen. 

3. His facial expression was of complete ________ (concentrate).

4. Peter can't go and I can't ________. (也)

5. --He has an English class everyday except Sunday.

    --________. (我也是)

 

C. Translate the following sentences.

1.  It is more likely to rain on Monday than Tuesday.

   ——————————————————————

 

2. The job will require you to use all your skills

  ——————————————————————

 

 

 

 

 

 

【参考答案】

III. 1. B. So he, together with an international team of researchers, studied how to reduce loneliness and increase positive feelings during the pandemic.

细节理解题，主句是he studied how to reduce loneliness and increase positive feelings 因此答案为B。

2. A. Para4:“When people are absorbed in what they are doing, they enter a state called‘flow’,” ...

Para7：“When we enter a state of flow, we become absorbed and focused, and we experience momentary enjoyment,”...

细节理解分析题，从第4段和第7段可知when we enter a state of flow, we feel concentrated and happy。A选项是在离开投入的状态后的感觉。C、D选项在第五段，如果挑战太难会有压力，挑战太容易就会枯燥。所以正确答案为A。

3. C. To achieve a state of flow, there must be a balance between the challenge of the task and your skill level. For example, if you’re trying to create a complex (复杂的) computer program but your skill level is low, then you’re likely to feel stressed instead of achieving “flow”. On the contrary (相反地), if the task is too easy, then boredom will set in and “flow” will not appear, either.

分析判断题，从原文中第5段话中，要达到这种流畅或者投入的状态需要在自身的技能水平和挑战的任务之间有一个平衡，过难过易都不会产生这种状态。第8段也提到了看电视不能帮助人们进入状态，因为看电视没有任何挑战。同样，eating nuts和chatting也没有任何挑战。所以正确答案选C。

4. C. “People tend to thrive on healthy activities and challenge,” said Dattilo. “We hope this research will help people live fuller, happier, healthier lives.”

细节推理题，由文中可知，人们要倾向于选择健康成长和有挑战性的活动。因此答案选C。

IV. A. 1. Challenge 2. Appear 3. set in 4. depend on 5. lead to 6. instead of 7. has something to do with

B. 1. positives 2. absorbed 3. concentration 4. either 5. So do I

C. 1. 星期一下雨的可能性比星期二大。

2. 这项工作将要求你发挥你的所有技能。