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402期高三阅读专项训练
作者:21ST
时间:2010-10-25

高三阅读专项训练
A

The library is one of the most popular places at a Western university. Students turn to it for research, conversations about class, and many other services.
Compared with Chinese libraries, college libraries in the US and UK tend to offer more resources. A postgrad student (研究生) at Yale University can borrow as many as 225 books at a time.
In addition to borrowing books, there are online and electronic resources. These include a database (数据库) search of popular and academic material, such as LexisNexis Academic, which offers items from newspapers and magazines.
Although books and articles are the items that students ask for most frequently, some libraries provide audio and video recordings, maps and sheet music(活页乐谱). At some schools, teachers and tutors put electronic copies of their teaching PPTs (幻灯片) on the library Web to give easier access for students.
Another useful service in Western college libraries is the Interlibrary Loan. This allows a student at one school to borrow books from another school. The loan request is made through the student’s college library, which gets the book, gives it to the user, and arranges for its return.
Technology has brought more services to students and has made libraries attractive. Some universities have services for students to send messages through the computer or mobile texts to ask the library staff for information.
Earlier this year, Harvard University introduced a new Scan and Deliver service, allowing students to make requests for parts of books and articles. Requests made through the system are handled by library staff. The student receives an e-mail with an Internet link to the scanned pages. The service is free and all material comes within four days.
It used to be that libraries didn’t allow food or drinks. But that rule is changing and many of them now contain a café so students can spend as much time as they want in the library.
Actually, some US university libraries are now all-night affairs, or have at least one study room open all night.
1. In western college libraries a postgrad can ______.
A. have a free drink or a meal
B. borrow as many books as they want
C. access not only books but other study resources
D. ask questions and get answers from their tutors
2. LexisNexis Academic in Paragraph 3 is the name of ______.
A. a database B. a library
C. a university D. a guide
3. How can a college student borrow books from other college’s libraries?
A. By going to these libraries.
B. By getting them through the Internet.
C. By sending messages through the computer or mobile texts.
D. By borrowing them through their own library.
4. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. Chinese library services are better than western ones.
B. Library staff play an important role in college library service.
C. Postgrads can post their own PPTs to the library website.
D. 24-hour services are adopted in all western libraries nowadays.
5. Why are university libraries more attractive now?
A. Because students can eat and drink there at any time.
B. Because students can have a stay-over there all night.
C. Because students can borrow anything they want there.
D. Because students can enjoy quicker and more convenient services.


 

B


If you feel at present that you don’t have enough friends in your life, one reason may be that you have let yourself become too busy to make time for the relationships you already have. Starting and keeping friendship requires effort and commitment.
Many of us let our lives become so busy with work and other commitments that we don’t get around to scheduling time for pleasure and renewal (叙旧) with the friends, relatives and acquaintances we already have.
Making the effort to call your friends more regularly and to accept more of the invitations you receive from others can improve your social life in a hurry!
Are there any people you could call right now and be assured of a pleasant welcome? Are there people that you could count on to help you in time of difficulty? Can you have close talks with them? Do you have fun when you are together? Are you happy to have them in your life?
If you haven’t seen much of them lately, is it because you have become too busy? Have you grown apart? Was there an argument?
If the main reason you haven’t been getting together with the people you already know is because you have gotten too busy, take a good look at how you spend your time. Compare it with your real values and priorities (优先考虑的事) in life. Is your busy lifestyle really bringing you the quality of life that you want?
If you have become too busy for friends, why has this happened? Are you seeking material toys in your life at the expense of relationships with other human beings? Have you allowed your time to be over-committed because you never say “No” to anyone? Do you insist on doing things yourself that could be delegated to others? If so, why? Do you believe that everything depends on you?
Examine whether the way you are now spending your time accurately reflects your deepest values and priorities. Make sure that you schedule adequate time for the things that are truly most important to you.
If you really want to keep friends in your life, make a space in your schedule, and a space in your heart for them.

1. In this passage the author mainly discusses ________.
A. how to balance friendship and work
B. how to spend our spare time
C. whether we should keep friendship
D. whether we should invite friends to dinner
2. Which of the following doesn’t indicate a good relationship?
A. You have someone to count on when you are in trouble.
B. You have someone to have close talks with.
C. You feel depressed with others in life.
D. You have fun when you are with someone.
3. What does the underlined word “delegated” probably mean?
A. appointed B. replaced
C. declined D. handled
4. The reason why you have become too busy for friends may be the following except that ________.
A. you spend too much time seeking material toys in your life
B. you feel it difficult to keep friendship
C. you stick to doing everything all by yourself
D. you never refuse whatever other people ask you to do
5. Which would be the best title for the text?
A. Too busy for Friendship?
B. Too busy with work?
C. How to Spend Your Time
D. How to Make New Friends


 

C


When electrical audits (电器审计) swept through Anchorage, Alaska, my parents signed up our house. They also “volunteered” me to be home when Sean, the head of Green Star, showed up to audit our house.
After introducing himself, Sean used a meter (仪表) to measure the electrical demands of our appliances (用具) and began asking me about our light, television and appliance use. Luckily for me, my mother showed up around then and took the burden of memory from my shoulders, giving Sean all the details of our lighting and toasting (烘烤) habits.
From the ratings he had noted from our appliances and their hours of use, Sean formulated (用公式计算) almost exactly our monthly bill. A few days later he returned and installed (安装) a radio transmitter (话筒) in our electric meter. He also gave us the receiver, a gray box that sat on our counter.
From then on, the receiver innocently (无心地) displayed the kilowatts (千瓦) per hour that I was using. Worse still, with one click of a button, I could turn those kilowatts into dollars per hour. It was like a little Guilt-o-Meter, and, as time passed, I began to change my habits.
When I first saw how much money such commodities as lights and heat cost us, I went into shock. I stopped using lights, unplugged all the appliances and turned off the television. Only after frequent complaints from my family (for I often turned off the lights in the middle of dinner or while someone was reading) did I moderate my extreme ways.
Indeed, my energy-consciousness affected more than my electrical habits. Transportation-wise, I biked everywhere, regardless of distance or weather. Also, I was sure to recycle paper.
In short, the audit changed my way of life. At first I had trouble breaking wasteful habits, but now I’m better for it and the Guilt-o-Meter has lost its sting (痛苦). By Mark Hansen

1. When one’s house gets audited electrically, _____.
A. their electrical appliances get checked for problems
B. their electrical appliances will be limited in use
C. they get an idea of their light, TV and appliance use
D. they will find out how much electricity they use monthly and its cost
2. With the receiver, “I” could _______.
A. get rid of our old electric meter
B. control the family use of electricity
C. know how much electricity I could save
D. calculate how much my use of electricity would cost
3. The word “unplug” in Paragraph 5 means _____.
A. disconnect B. remove
C. fit D. separate
4. From the text, we can see that the author was ______ the receiver.
A. annoyed by B. scared of
C. guilty of D. thankful to
5. By saying “the Guilt-o-Meter has lost its sting”, the author meant that _____.
A. he has great difficulty breaking wasteful habits
B. he has broken away from the influence of modern technology
C. his energy-conscious way of life has made the receiver unnecessary
D. he has changed his extreme ways when he found he was unreasonable


D

Bicycles

1. Make sure your bicycle is safe.
-Does it work properly? Check tyres, brakes, etc .
-Does it fit properly? You should be able to ride the bike with both feet on the ground; a bike that is too big or too small is a safety danger.
-Does it have a bell, a light and reflectors to signal cars?

2. Obey all signs, signals and rules of the road.
-Know the signals for riding on the road (stop, turn right, turn left) and know how to shoulder check before turning.
-Child cyclists must obey the same rules of the road as adult drivers: ride on the right side of the road, stop for stop signs and red lights, signal turns, and let traffic pass if it has the right-of-way.

3. Always wear a helmet that fits properly.
The helmet should protect the forehead without sliding forwards or backwards; it should not move unless your head moves.

In-line Skates, Skateboards (滑板车) and Scooters (踏板车)
1. Protect yourself from injury. Wear a bicycle helmet, wrist guards, gloves, knee and elbow pads (垫) and protective clothing (long sleeves (袖子) and pants).

2. Skate and ride where it’s safe. Use roller-skating parks, regular parks and playgrounds. Stay away from roads and traffic.
Skate or ride on dry surfaces and under good weather conditions.
Skate or ride on the right side of paths.

3. Watch out for what’s around you. Stay away from water, oil or trash or bad or broken streets. Always stop for people. Be careful near stairs and steps.

4. Learning how to fall helps reduce your chances of being seriously injured.
- If you are losing your balance, bend down on the skateboard so that you will not have so far to fall.
- In a fall, try to land on the fleshy parts of your body.
- If you fall, try to roll rather than absorb the force with your arms.
- Even though it may be difficult, during a fall try to relax your body, rather than stiffen.


1. Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?
A. How to Ride a Bicycle B. Safety on Wheels
C. Watch Out! D. Obey the Rules
2. You need _________ when using any of the four.
A. knee and elbow pads B. long sleeves clothes
C. helmet D. gloves
3. Which of the statements is TRUE, according to the text?
A. You can skate and ride in parks as well as on roads.
B. Child cyclists need not obey the rules of the road.
C. It is all right to skate or ride on either side of paths.
D. You’d better go out skating when it is fine.
4. Through which measure can you protect yourself when you are about to fall?
A. Using your arms to support yourself.
B. Landing on any part of your body.
C. Stiffening your body.
D. Bending down.

E


An early invention by Albert Einstein has been rebuilt by scientists at Oxford University. They are trying to develop an environmentally friendly refrigerator that runs without electricity.
We all know that modern fridges cause damage to the environment. They work by using a kind of man-made greenhouse gas called Freon, which is far more damaging than carbon dioxide.
Now Malcolm McCulloch, an electrical engineer at Oxford, is leading a three-year project to develop appliances that can be used in places without electricity.
His team has completed a prototype (样机) of a fridge patented in 1930 by Einstein. It used only pressurized gases to keep things cold. The design was partly used in the first refrigerators, but the technology was dropped when more efficient compressors (压缩机) became popular in the 1950s. That meant a switch to using Freon.
Einstein’s idea uses butane (丁烷) and water and takes advantage of the fact that liquids boil at lower temperatures, when the air pressure around them is lower.
“If you go to the top of Mount Qomolangma, water boils at a much lower temperature than it does when you’re at sea level and that’s because the pressure is much lower up there,” said McCulloch.
At one side is the evaporator (蒸发器), a bottle that contains liquid butane. “If you introduce a new vapor above the butane, the liquid boiling temperature decreases and, as it boils off, it takes energy from the surroundings to do so,” says McCulloch. “That’s what makes it cold.”
The gas fridges based on Einstein’s design were replaced by Freon-compressor fridges partly because Einstein’s design was not very efficient. But McCulloch thinks that by changing the design and replacing the types of gases used it will be possible to quadruple (翻两番) the efficiency.
However, McCulloch’s fridge is still in its early stages. “It’s very much a prototype,” he said. “Give us another month and we’ll have it working.”

1. According to the passage, an early invention by Albert Einstein _______.
A. has been rediscovered because it costs much less and works more efficiently
B. is being redesigned because it could be used in places without electricity
C. has just been found to be energy-saving and environmentally friendly
D. will be fully made use of and become the fridge of the future
2. Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?
A. Freon was used in fridges long before the 1950s.
B. Freon is what makes current fridges big polluters.
C. McCulloch thinks he could improve Einstein’s design by using other types of vapors.
D. The fridge that Malcolm McCulloch and his team designed will be put into production soon.
3. We can learn from the text that the prototype completed _______.
A. changed the air pressure around it
B. was tested on the top of Mount Everest
C. increased the liquid boiling temperature
D. used only pressurized gases to keep things cold
4. McCulloch’s words in Paragraph 6 _____.
A. serve as an explanation for the principle behind Einstein’s fridge
B. give you the reason why Einstein's fridge was not efficient
C. tell you how to take advantage of low air pressure
D. show you how Einstein’s fridge works
(答案见下期)


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