Dangerous fats (5a)

哈尔滨市第一中学校  张婳

I. Pre-reading

Do you eat these foods a lot?
Do you know what trans fats (反式脂肪酸) are?

II. Reading

Read the passage and answer these questions:

1. How were trans fats first created?

2. How are trans fats harmful to our bodies?

3. What measures have been taken to control trans fats in some countries?

Key

1. Some chemists discovered in the 19th century that hydrogen could be added to vegetable oil. During that process, trans fats were created

2. Eating trans fats increases our levels of bad cholesterol (胆固醇). It is a leading cause of heart disease, strokes and high blood pressure.

3. The US FDA ruled that food labels should list the amount of trans fats.

Canada and Brazil require food labels to state when more than 5 percent of trans fat is in products.

In China, the amount of trans fats in baby food is required to be less than 3 percent. And from January of this year the level of trans fats has been highlighted (明显标出) on food labels.

III. Vocabulary

Translate the sentences and pay attention to the underlined words.

1. The FDA started a 60-day period for public debate on the proposal, stating that trans fats are not “generally recognized as safe”.

2. In many Western countries, efforts have been made to regulate trans fats in food products.

3. Canada and Brazil also require food labels to state when more than 5 percent of trans fat is in products.

4. Consumption of trans fats, and their potential health impact (影响) in the long term, will be closely monitored.

Key

1. FDA发起了一个为期60天的关于美国食物中是否禁用反式脂肪酸的公共讨论，声称反式脂肪酸并不像大家认可的那样安全。

2. 很多西方国家都努力去调控食品生产中的反式脂肪酸。

3. 加拿大和巴西也要求，当食品中含有超过5%的反式脂肪酸时，食品标签上要做出说明。

4. 反式脂肪酸的使用和他们对于健康潜在的长久影响，将会被密切关注。

IV. Structure

Look at the sentences below and pay attention to their structures.

If confirmed, the ban could prevent 7,000 deaths and 20,000 heart attacks in the US each year.

 当状语从句（时间、条件、转折等）的主语与主句的主语一致时，从句的主语可以省略，谓语使用非谓语动词形式。“连词（如when, while, if等）+分词”结构是高考重要考点，主要考查动词的正确形式。这可以根据分词与其逻辑主语的关系来确定：如果是主谓关系，用“连词+现在分词”；如果是动宾关系，则用“连词+过去分词”。

例如：

While waiting, I read some old magazines.

Don’t speak unless you’ve been spoken to.

The old lady was looking well even though she lived alone.

Whether true or false, the story is interesting.

Looking better togeter (P5)

沈阳市第二中学 吴俣

I. Warm up

1. Do you prefer spending quiet time alone or hanging out with your friends?

2. Do you think a cheerleader looks better dancing alone or dancing with others around her?

II. Vocabulary

1. hang out    闲逛

2. depend on   依靠

3. stand out    突出

4. are likely to  有可能

5. regardless of      无论

III. Reading

Fast reading: read the article quickly and try to get the answers.

1. What is the phenomenon called “cheerleader effect (啦啦队效应)”?

2. According to the study, if a cheerleader danced alone without any others around her, would she still look as pretty and glowing? Why?

3. Does the effect depend on the size of the group?

4. Find two examples to explain the effect.

5. If you need a good photo for a social media site, what are you supposed to do to make yourself look better?

Answers:

1. People look more attractive (有魅力的) when seen with others than when viewed as individuals (单个人).

2. No, because people look more attractive in a group with others.

3. No, any size of group would do.

4. 1) Singers usually surround themselves with dancers when they perform; 2) pop boy bands and girl groups always seem attractive.

5. Stand in a big group of your friends.

Careful reading: read the article carefully and fill in the blanks.

Looking better together

  A new study has found that people look more 1.____ when seen with others than when 2.____ as individuals (单个人) – a phenomenon known as the “cheerleader effect (啦啦队效应)”.

In the study, researchers did an 3.____ in which participants (实验参与者) were shown pictures of 100 people. Each person was shown in a photo alone and then in a photo with other people, and participants were asked to rate their attractiveness.

  Researchers found that people in groups almost always got 4.____ ratings. The alone picture would even look better if it was put among other faces, reported The Atlantic.

The study also noted that this effect did not 5.______ on the number of faces in the group. Any size of group would do.

The way this works is that whenever we look at a group of people, we subconsciously “average out (将……平均化)” their faces, not 6.____ the flaws (瑕疵) of each face. But if you look at everybody individually, their flaws 7.____.

Human beings are group 8.____. We not only find that people look better in groups, previous studies have shown that groups can 9.____ our view of how attractive someone is. So the next time you need a good photo for a social media site, you might want to take it with a big group of your friends.

Answers:

1. attractive; 2. viewed; 3. experiment; 4. higher; 5. depend; 6. noticing; 7. stand out; 8. creatures; 9. influence

IV. Practice

Translate the following sentences into Chinese.

1. A new study has found that people look more attractive (有魅力的) when seen with others than when viewed as individuals (单个人) – a phenomenon known as the “cheerleader effect (啦啦队效应)”.

2. Each person was shown in a photo alone and then in a photo with other people, and participants were asked to rate their attractiveness.

3. If others think someone is attractive, we are more likely to find that person attractive too, regardless of (无论) how he or she really looks.

答案：

1. 一个新的研究显示，当人们跟其他人在一起而不是单独一人的时候，会看起来更有魅力，这种现象被称之为拉拉队效应。

2. 每一个人的单人照先展示给实验参与者，然后再展示与别人的合影，之后要求所有的参与者给他们的魅力指数打分。

3. 如果别人认为某人有魅力，我们也很有可能这么认为，无论他或她真正长成什么样。

Learn to forgive (P6)

山东泰安第十九中学 张波

I. Warm up

1. Have you ever been hurt by someone?

2. How did you respond when that happened?

II. Pre-reading

Read the title. What do you think the text will be about?

III. Reading

1. Fast reading

Read the words in bold to get the main idea of the article.

The impact of hatred

Why forgive

The four C’s involved in forgiveness

2. Careful reading

1). In the author’s opinion, what causes hatred?

 A. The conscience.           B. The pride.              C. Boundaries.           D. Forgiveness.

2) Which of the following is not a reason the text gives for why we should forgive?

 A. Forgiving someone provides mental balance.

 B. Forgiving someone can make you richer.

 C. Forgiveness helps you find new friends.

D. Forgiveness is very important for fixing relationships.

3) After we get in a verbal fight with someone, we are advised to ____.

A. ask someone else for advice

B. avoid meeting him or her again

C. find out what’s wrong with him or her

D. fix the relationship in a peaceful way

4) The author develops the text by _____.

  A. giving examples                  B. giving reasons                C. making comparisons             D. providing quotations

Keys: BCDB

IV. Language Points.

1. Being frank about how that person’s behavior bothers you will help both of you discuss the issues and eventually lead to a resolution.

结构解析： 在本句中，动名词短语Being frank作主语。动名词短语作主语时谓语动词往往用单数。Eg. Seeing is believing. 百闻不如一见(眼见为实)。

　　Playing table tennis is his favorite.

　  Crossing the Atlantic by plane takes only a few hours.

　　Talking is easier than doing.

2. Humans are always drawn to forbidden paths, so there are chances that you will be attracted to people who have raised your blood pressure in the past.

  there are chances that… 在本结构中Chance是“几率，可能性”的意思，因此，此结构意为“极有可能会……”还可说，Chances are that…

Eg. There are chances that he will get frustrated when reading the more difficult chapters of the book.

   当他读这本书里那些更难的章节的时候，有可能会很泄气。

    Chances are that humans will land on Mars eventually. 人类有可能最终登陆火星。