2019-2020学年度第26期总第780期

History that’s hard to trace (P3)
石家庄市第一中学 明艳

I. Pre-reading
1. What infectious diseases have you heard of?
Black Death; SARS; Ebola; MERS; COVID-19 …

2. How much do you know about COVID-19?

II. While-reading
Task 1： Skim and match.
   

Key：

Task 2： Scan Para 3 & 4 and tell T or F.
1. Viruses are living organisms.
    F. Viruses are non-living organisms.

2. Viruses have no DNA or protein.
F. Viruses contain genetic materials like DNA and have a protein coating.

3. Viruses can reproduce by themselves.
F. Viruses can’t reproduce on their own.
 They invade the cells of living organisms to reproduce.

Task 3： Scan Para 5 & 6 and choose.
Why is it hard to trace the origin of a virus?
 
Scientists have no proper equipment.
A virus changes within the cells it enters.
It’s a complicated task to study its fossils.
The history of bacteria is impossible to trace.

Key： B

Task 4： Read Para 7 and fill in the chart.

Task 5: Fill in the blanks using the words given.
case   novel   potential   infect   coating invade 
 origin   virologist   trick   evolve   plausible

1. _____ something happening
2. _____reasonable and likely to be true or successful
3. _____not like anything known before
4. _____change gradually over a long period of time
5. _____the possibility to develop in a particular way
6. _____ to enter a place using force, usually in large numbers
7. _____ a way of doing things that work well, but may not be easy to notice
8. _____ give somebody a disease
9. _____ someone who uses scientific methods to study viruses
10. _____ a thin layer of something that covers a surface
11._____the place or situation where something begins to exist

Key:

 

Task 6: Analyze and translate difficult sentences.
▲Since December, there have been tens of thousands of COVID-19 cases both in and out of China, caused by a previously unknown virus: novel coronavirus.
过去分词作定语，修饰上文的cases, 相当于which was caused by ……
     
分词作定语可以是前置，也可以后置，用现在分词还是过去分词要看该词与被修饰名词或代词的主被动关系，主要形式有doing, done, being done。
1) The _____(injure) workers are now being taken care of in hospital.
2) This will be the best novel of its kind ever _____(write).
3) The government plans to bring in new laws ______(force) parents to take more responsibility for the education of their children.
Can those____(seat) at the back of the classroom hear me?
5) The boy ____________(interview) now is my student.

▲ Understanding the origins of viruses means fully understanding the history of their hosts – not only humans, but also bacteria, plants and other animals, which is a complicated task, says Nature.

▲ Understanding the origins of viruses means fully understanding the history of their hosts — not only humans, but also bacteria, plants and other animals, which is a complicated task, says Nature.
which引导的是非限定性定语从句，对上文起到补充说明的作用。
1) They’ve won their last three matches, ______I find a bit surprising.
2) Many children ____parents are away working in big cities are taken care of in the village.
3) Due to the financial crisis, the days are gone ____local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night.
4) _____is often the case, we have worked out a production plan.
5) I have many friends, some _____ _____ are businessmen.
6) Some pre-school children go to a daycare center, ____they learn simple games and songs.

Key : 1) which, 2) whose 3) when 4) As 5) of whom 6) where

Post-reading
Task 1: Retell the text according to the hints.
   A novel virus called … is making the headlines. Viruses are … There is no clear explanation for their origin, because … The current three theories are … In the future …

Task 2: Reflection and discussion.
What’s in your mind when you are quarantined?
 

2019-2020学年度第26期总第780期
Holiday homestay (P6)
山西大学附属中学 李根

Lead-in
What is it?

How did this virus affect China?
As of Feb 17, the virus has infected more than 70,635 people in China and other places in the world, and 1,772 people were reported killed in China.

Skimming
What does this article mainly talk about?
The reasons why the novel coronavirus has been spreading so quickly, and what we get from the outbreak of the virus.

Reading for structure

 

Reading for details
What are the reasons that the novel coronavirus has been spreading so quickly?
It’s transmitted through droplets coughed and sneezed by infected people. And even after the droplets fall and land on surfaces, they can stay alive for up to five days.

What have we learned since the outbreak of the virus?
We’ve developed good hygienic habits, including washing our hands thoroughly after coming home. We’ve also learned to cherish the simple pleasures that we’ve been taking for granted – being able to take a walk, go to a restaurant or hang out with friends.

Further thinking
What should we do to reduce the infection?
To avoid being infected with the virus, we have to stay away from big crowds. We should also avoid travelers who have come from Hubei province, where the outbreak was detected. More importantly, some routine preventative actions should be taken, such as wearing masks and frequent hand-washing. We should not forget this simple but important advice.
Plus, it is necessary to thoroughly clean and maintain the air circulation in our places of home and business. Among other things, during this critical period, we must try to stay indoors as much as possible. To sum up, these dos and don’ts are basic rules for everyone to follow.  So let’s take good care of ourselves, which also means caring about others as well.

Language study
1. 停止
2. 流行病的爆发
3. 理应做
4. 感染……人
5. 通过……传播
6. 咳嗽和打喷嚏
7. 多达
8. 致命的病毒
9. 进一步的证据
10. 卫生习惯
11.珍惜简单的快乐
12. 认为……理所当然
13. 跟朋友出去玩
14. 隐形的敌人
15. 自由地做
Answers:
1.  come to a halt
2. an epidemic outbreak
3. be supposed to do
4. infect...people
5. transmit through...
6. cough and sneeze
7. up to
8. deadly virus
9. further evidence
10. hygienic habits
11. cherish the simple pleasures
12. take ... for granted
13. hang out with friends
14. invisible enemy
15. be free to do

Extended Word Bank
传染病：epidemic/infectious disease
流行病学家：epidemiologist
病毒的动物宿主：animal hosts
确诊病例：confirmed cases
疑似病例：suspected cases
超级传播者：super-spreader
密切接触者：close contact
临床症状：clinical signs and symptoms
发病率：incident rate
致死率：fatality /mortality /death rate
发热门诊：fever clinic
重症患者：patient in critical condition
潜伏期：incubation period
病毒携带者： virus carrier
传染途径：     route of transmission
易感人群：     susceptible/vulnerable population
疫区：            affected area
治愈率：         recovery rate
疫情防控：     epidemic prevention and control
监测体温：     to monitor body temperature
隔离治疗：     to receive treatment in isolation
自我隔离：    to quarantine yourself in your home; self-monitored quarantine
临床数据：     clinical data
疫苗：            vaccine
消毒：            disinfection
健康筛查：     health screening