2019-2020学年度第41期总第794期
Protecting wildlife (P2)
河北师大附中  赵乃平

Lead-in
Can you name some extinct animals?
Dinosaurs, Aurochs (原牛), Quagga (斑驴), Dodo bird (渡渡鸟)
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Some animals are in danger of dying out.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
Skimming

What does the writer intend to tell us?
A. The importance of protecting the environment.
C. China’s effort to protect the Chinese sturgeon.

Detail reading
Why is the Chinese sturgeon called a “living fossil”?
As a rare species, it is believed to have lived alongside the dinosaurs more than 140 million years ago.

What has caused this species to become endangered?
People building dams and overfishing.

What did China do to help protect the Chinese sturgeon in 1984? What was the result?
People bred (培育) the Chinese sturgeon artificially, but very few survived in the wild.

Whether the Chinese sturgeon
can be preserved depends on ______.

What measures have been taken to protect the Chinese sturgeon?
1. Building the natural reserve.
2. Efforts to improve biodiversity in the Yangtze River region.
3. Enforcing the ban on fishing.

Deep thinking
What can we do to protect the endangered species?
Raise the awareness of caring about the living things on Earth.
Remember: no buying, no killing.

Language focus
exist
reproduction
emphasize
urge
rescue
habitat
urgent
artificial
release
ban

 

precious species 
endangered fish
take effect
due to
in sharp decline
natural reserve
have an impact on

 

 

2019-2020学年度第41期总第794期
Genetic changes found in virus (P6)
山西省灵石县第一中学校    任立琴

Lead-in
How could we save ourselves from the COVID-19 ?

Skimming
The article is mainly about how mutations in the virus make it hard to develop a universal vaccine.

Divide the article into three parts and summarize the main ideas.

 

Detailed reading
Read the article and answer the questions:
1.What is the spike protein?
      The spike protein is a type of protein that the virus uses to infect human cells.

Two of the genetic changes managed to alter (改变) the virus’ “spike protein (棘突蛋白)” – a type of protein that the virus uses to infect human cells – which allows the virus to spread faster.
释义：其中两个基因变异改变了病毒的“棘突蛋白”，这使得病毒传播更快，棘突蛋白是一种病毒用来感染人类细胞的蛋白质。

2.What are the effects of the mutations on the virus?
The mutations in some strains of the virus make it ____ and _____ for the virus to spread.

3. Why do the changes make it hard to develop a vaccine?
If the virus changes too much those vaccines may no longer work.

Mutations in the spike protein are concerning, particularly as the protein is the main target of leading vaccines around the world, and if it changes too much those vaccines may no longer work.
释义：棘突蛋白中的变异令人担忧，尤其是因为该蛋白是世界上疫苗研发的主要目标，如果它改变太多，这些疫苗可能不会再起作用。

4. What should we do to combat these changes?
A vaccine does not provide a cure once and for all. Instead, we have to keep updating our strategy – just like the virus has.

Post reading
Discussion:
1. As ordinary people, what can we do to contain the spread of the virus?
2. What lessons have you learned from the outbreak of COVID-19？

Language focus

1. Ever since the COVID-19 pandemic started last December, scientists around the world have been racing to develop a vaccine (疫苗).
develop  v.
     发展，培养，开发，冲洗（底片）
development  n. 发展，展开，开发，（照片的）冲洗
developing  adj. 发展中的
         a developing country                 发展中国家 
developed  adj. 发达的，发展的
         a developed country                  发达国家 

translate:
1.  If we work hard, we can develop a cure.                
2.  She has developed into a beautiful woman.   
3.  I developed a habit of reading before bedtime.
4.  We can see the rapid development of civilization in those days.

答案：1. 如果我们努力工作，就能研制出一种治疗方法。
2. 她长成了一个美丽的姑娘。
3. 我养成了睡前读书的习惯。
4. 我们可以看到那个时代文明的快速发展。

2. ... the spike protein in the novel coronavirus allows it to attach itself to human cells “100 to 1,000 times” more efficiently than the SARS virus ...
attach vt. 
 一词多义：
                   系，帖，连接；
                   使附属；使依恋，使喜爱；
                    认为有（重要性，责任等）
词组：            attach oneself to（尤指短期地）使参加，使属于
  attach to 使附属；系，连接
  attach importance/ significance to重视，认为……重要
  be/ become attached to 喜欢，依恋……

即学即练
1. 她在她收到的每个礼物上都加了标签。
2. 请你在你的申请表上贴一张近照。
3. 她的父母都很重视教育。
4. 你会很容易喜欢和你一起工作的孩子们。

答案： 1. She attached a label to every gift she received.
2. Please attach a recent photo to your application form.
3. Her parents attach great importance to education.
4. It's easy to become attached to the children you work with.

3. Mutations in the spike protein are concerning ...
concern n.有关的事；关心
  vt. 与……有关； 使关心；使担心
  vi. 关心；担心；忧虑
词组 show concern for 对……表示关心
 be concerned about/ for    担心的，烦恼的，忧虑的
 as far as sb be concerned  就……来说；就……而论
 be concerned with 关于，与……有关
词族   concerning   prep. 关于
           concerned     adj.  担心的; 烦恼的

即学即练

1. 人们对电视上充斥暴力内容的忧虑日益加重。
2. 她担心我吃的太少。
3. 就我而言，这件事结束了。
4. 他问了几个有关公司前途的问题。

答案：
1. There is growing concern about violence on television.
2. She is concerned about how little food I eat.
3. As far as I'm concerned, the issue is over.
4. He asked several questions concerning the future of the company.

Expressions
自从
全世界
属于某人自己的
设法/想方设法的做成某事
允许某人做某事
（战争、火灾、疾病等）爆发
不再......
即使
一劳永逸

答案：
ever since
around the world
of one's own
manage to do sth
allow sb to do sth
break out
no longer
even if
once and for all