第38/774期初二教案

作者：张莉

Whale-sized problem (P6)

Pre-reading

Free Talk

 Did you hear the news about the sperm whale that got stranded on a shore in China?

 Do you know why some whales might get stranded?

 

While reading

On April 19, fishermen found a sperm whale (抹香鲸) stranded (搁浅) on the shore of Xiangshan county in Ningbo, Zhejiang province. It got stuck there during low tide (落潮期). A 200-person rescue (救援) team worked to get the 19-meter-long whale back to sea. After 21 hours, they succeeded.

shore: [ʃɔː(r)] n. （海、湖或大河的）滨，岸

翻译：4月19日, 渔民们发现一头抹香鲸搁浅在浙江省宁波象山县的海滩。

练习：爷爷有一座湖畔的房子。

My grandpa has got a house by the shore of the lake.

get stuck: v. 被卡在……，陷入僵局，遇到困难。

翻译：它是在退潮时搁浅在那里的。

练习：如果你无法继续下去，他们会去帮忙。

They will be there to help if you get stuck.

 

According to National Geographic, every year thousands of whales, dolphins, and other sea animals end up on beaches around the world. This is called beaching or stranding. Beaching has both natural and human causes. If whales are too old or sick, they may beach themselves. They might get stranded because of environmental damage (破坏) or climate (气候) change.

cause: [kɔːz] n. 原因，起因

翻译：导致搁浅的因素既有自然原因，也有人为原因。

练习：酒后驾车是导致交通事故最常见的原因之一。 Drinking and driving is one of the most common causes of traffic accidents.

 

In some cases, it is because their sense of direction has been disrupted (干扰) by the sound of ships and submarines. This is because whales find their way with sound.

in some cases：在某些情况下；有时候

翻译：在某些情况下,这是因为他们的方向感受到了船只和潜艇的干扰。

练习：在某些情况下，人们必须等上好几周才能得到这个机会。

In some cases, people have had to wait several weeks until they get the opportunity.

submarine:[ˈsʌbməriːn] n. 潜艇，潜水艇

翻译：在某些情况下,这是因为他们的方向感受到了船只和潜艇的干扰。

练习：潜水艇是一种可以在海面上和海面下航行的船。

A submarine is a type of ship that can travel both above and below the surface of the sea.

 

Once stranded, whales face many problems. It’s like if we went to a different planet without a spacesuit, said the Sydney Morning Herald. Whales cannot live long outside of water. Without water, they get very hot. Unlike land mammals (哺乳动物), whales can’t sweat to cool down. They are also easily sunburned (晒伤).

sweat: [swet] v. 流汗，出汗

翻译：不像陆地哺乳动物，鲸鱼不能出汗降温。

练习: 太阳照在他们身上时，他们已经在冒汗了。

They were already sweating as the sun beat down upon them.

 

To help, people get wet towels and pour water on beached whales. But these things can only help for a little while. Their heavy weight slowly crushes their organs (器官). It’s a race against time and the first 48 hours are critical (关键的), said the Sydney Morning Herald. In the case of the sperm whale in Zhejiang, rescuers waited for high tide and used ships to pull the whale back into the ocean.

pour: [pɔː(r)] v. 倾倒，倒出

翻译：为了帮助鲸鱼，人们用湿毛巾并把水倒在搁浅的鲸鱼身上 。

练习：尽管我倒这东西很小心，还是洒了一些。

Although I poured it carefully, I still spilled some.

a race against time: 和时间赛跑

翻译：《悉尼先驱晨报》说：这是一场与时间的赛跑, 48小时内至关重要。。

练习：营救工作是在与时间赛跑。

The rescue operation was a race against time.

 

Post-reading

Be a reporter and report this successful rescue story.

Share some suggestions about the things we can do to   reduce whale strandings.

 

Practice

1. What did fishermen find on the shore according to the first paragraph?

A. Low tide.                      

B. A sperm whale.

C. 200 people.                   

D. A rescue team.

 

2. Which of the following might cause a whale to beach?

a. The sound of human speech.

b. Being too old or sick.

c. Environmental damage.

d. Climate change.

A. abc                    B. bcd            C. acd                   D. abd

 

3. What may cause whales to die after beaching?

A. Fresh water on the ground.

B. Land mammals.

C. Heavy sweating.

D. Their own weight.

 

4. What did the rescuers use to send the whale back to the ocean?

A. Wet towels.

B. Water.

C. The low tide.

D. Ships and the high tide.

 

5. What is the passage mainly about?

A. The importance of high and low tides.

B. Whale escapes.

C. Whale strandings.

D. Rescuers on beaches.

 

完成句子。

1. The c______ of the fire is not yet known.

2. The fisherman rowed us back to the s____.

3. I don't want to get s____ in another job like that.

4. I will p_____ some milk into a glass.

5. We are looking for somebody with a clear s_____ of direction.

 

翻译句子。

1. They might get stranded because of environmental damage or climate change.

2. It’s like if we went to a different planet without a spacesuit.

1. 这条路因下雪而封闭。

2. 完成这个项目真是一场与时间的赛跑。

3.显然，在某些情况下，我们愿意这样做。

 

参考答案：

1. 本题考查获取细节信息。文章是一则新闻报道，第一段的首句介绍这次抹香鲸搁浅事件发生的时间和地点。因此，选项B正确。

2. 本题考查获取细节信息。从文章第二段可知：导致搁浅的因素既有自然原因（whales that are too old or sick），也有人为原因（environmental damage or climate change）。因此b,c,d 都正确，B为正确选项。

3. 本题考查获取细节信息。通过阅读第四段：“Without water, they get very hot. Whales

can’t sweat to cool down. They are easily sunburned.”以及第五段： “Their heavy weight slowly crushes their organs. ” 可知选项D正确。

4. 本题考查获取细节信息。从文章最后一段可知：“In the case of the sperm whale in Zhejiang, rescuers waited for high tide and used ships to pull the whale back into the ocean. ”选项D正确。

5. 本文为一篇新闻报道，内容为今年4月19发生在浙江省宁波象山县海滩的抹香鲸搁浅事件，介绍抹香鲸搁浅的原因；搁浅的危害性以及救援人员如何成功营救它的方法。因此，这篇文章的主旨应为选项C. Whale strandings。

 

完成句子。

1. cause   2. shore   3. stuck   4. pour   5. sense

翻译句子。

1. 它们可能会因为环境被破坏或气候变化而搁浅。

2. 这就像我们不穿太空服就去了另一个星球。

1. The road is closed because of the snow.

2. It was a real race against time to get the project done.

3. Obviously, we are willing to do that in some cases.