第41/777期初二教案

作者：张莉

Boil-over effects (P2)

Pre-reading

Free Talk

 If the temperature is over 45 ℃, what do you do?

 What effects come from high temperatures?

 

While reading

It’s been a very tough start to the warmer months for the 1.5 billion people living in Pakistan and India.

tough: [tʌf] adj.困难的，棘手的

翻译：对于生活在巴基斯坦和印度的15亿人来说，此时只是一个非常艰难的开始，未来温度还会更高。

练习：

1. 那是个很难做出的决定。

It was a tough decision to make.

2. 她最近的日子一直很难熬。

She's been having a tough time lately.

 

The two countries are suffering from a heatwave (热浪) that started in March. High temperatures are normal for the area, but this heatwave is different.

suffer from: 忍受，遭受，受......之苦

翻译：这两个国家正遭受着3月份以来热浪的袭击。

练习：

1. 他们受到了健康问题的困扰。

They suffered from health problems.

2. 很难知道有多少孩子有诵读困难。

It is hard to know how many children suffer from dyslexia.

 

March was the hottest on record for India, while April was the hottest in the past 122 years for Northwest and Central India, said the Indian Express.

on record: 记录在案的，公开发表的

翻译：据《印度快报》报道，3月份是印度有记录以来最热的月份，而4月份是印度西北部和中部122年以来最热的月份。

练习：由于全球变暖，去年我们经历了有记录以来最暖的一年。

Due to global warming, last year was the warmest on record.

 

Weather stations across India reported temperatures over 45 ℃ in April. On April 28, the city of Gurugram in northern India recorded a maximum (最高的) temperature of 45.6 ℃, breaking its previous (之前的) record of 44.8 in April 1979, reported the Indian news site Firstpost.

break the record: 打破记录

翻译：据印度新闻网站Firstpost报道，4月28日，印度北部城市古鲁格拉姆的最高气温为45.6摄氏度，打破了1979年4月创下的最高气温44.8摄氏度的记录。

练习：那名游泳运动员尽全力去打破了这项比赛的纪录。

The swimmer did he could to break the record.

 

The heatwave has had “critical knock-on effects (连锁反应)”, said news website Vox. Higher electricity demand has caused power outages (断电) for two-thirds of Indian households. And no electricity means no water for many people.

demand: [dɪˈmɑːnd] n. 需求，需求量

翻译：更高的电力需求量造成了三分之二印度家庭停电。

练习：目前对有机农产品有更大的需求。

There's increased demand for organic produce these days.

 

The lack of electricity is also due to a coal power shortage in India that has lasted for many months. Coal is used for 55 percent of the country’s energy needs, said India’s Ministry of Coal.

the lack of: 缺乏，缺少

翻译：电力短缺的另一个原因是印度已经持续了好几个月的煤电短缺。

练习：这个地区的不便之处就是缺少公共交通工具。

The problem there is a lack of public transport.

 

The globe’s wheat supply (小麦供应) has also been hit. Russia and Ukraine once exported over one-quarter of the world’s wheat, reported The New York Times. But this changed when the Russia-Ukraine conflict broke out in February.

hit: [hɪt] v. 打，击；对……造成影响

翻译：全球小麦供应也受到了冲击。

练习：大约两百人在那场袭击这个地区的地震中丧生。 About 200 people died when an earthquake hit the area.

break out: (火灾、战争等) 爆发，突发

翻译：但今年2月俄乌冲突爆发后，情况发生了变化。

练习：战争爆发时他29岁。

He was 29 when the war broke out.

 

Global buyers then relied (依赖) more on India, the world’s second-biggest wheat producer, said Reuters. But on May 14, the Indian government said it would temporarily (暂时) stop wheat exports because of the heatwave.

producer: [prəˈdjuːsə(r)] n. 生产者制造商，生产公司（国）

翻译：路透社报道：全球买家更多依赖印度，这个世界第二大的小麦生产国。

练习：巴西是世界上最大的咖啡生产国。

Brazil is the world's largest producer of coffee.

 

“The Indian ban will lift global wheat prices. Right now, there is no big supplier in the market,” a wheat dealer (经销商) told Reuters. This could really hurt people in Asia and Africa, the news agency added.

ban:[bæn]  n. 禁止，禁令

翻译：印度的禁令将推高全球小麦价格。

练习：办公室将彻底禁止吸烟。

There is a ban on smoking in the office.

 

Post-reading

Search for information and write a news report about:

The reasons why Pakistan and India are suffering from a heatwave.

What the boil-over effects are.

 

Practice

1. What do we know about the heatwave in India?

A. It is normal for the country.

B. It is mainly in the city of Gurugram.

C. It led to an average temperature of 45.6 ℃ in March.

D. It caused the hottest April in parts of India in 122 years.

 

2. What problems did the heatwave cause in India?

a. A problem with global wheat supply.

b. A decline in global wheat prices.

c. A lack of water.

d. A lack of electricity.

A. abc             B. abd             C. bcd                D. acd

 

3. What made more countries rely on Indian wheat?

A. Their poor wheat harvests. 

B. Their need for more wheat.

C. The Russia-Ukraine conflict.

D. A heatwave in their areas.

 

4. What is the last paragraph mainly about?

A. Who will become the next big wheat supplier.

B. How to avoid being influenced by the ban.

C. Suggestions from a news agency.

D. Problems caused by the Indian ban.

 

完成句子。

1. Women had a r_____ time in that country in the past.

2. The town was h___ by bombs last night.

3. There's an increased d_____ for organic produce these days.

4. It was the hottest July on r____.

5. They wanted a total b____ on cars in the city.

 

1. On April 28, the city of Gurugram in northern India recorded a maximum  temperature of 45.6 C, breaking its previous record of 44.8 in April 1979.

 

 

2. The lack of electricity is also due to a coal power shortage in India that has lasted for many months.

 

1. 在这科技日新月异的时代，过多的信息令人应接不暇。

2. 火灾发生后消防员很快到达火灾现场。

3. 缺乏沟通导致了很多问题。

 

参考答案：

1. 本题考查细节信息，需要将每个选项带回到语篇中逐一判断正误。从文章的第一段至第四段可知，选项A、B、C是错误选项；从第三段 “… while April was the hottest in the past 122 years for Northwest and Central India …”可知，选项D正确。

2. 本题考查细节信息，从文章第五段开始，作者向读者介绍由于高温产生的关键性连锁反应：电能和水资源的短缺及全球小麦供应方面以及小麦价格趋高不下的问题。选项B中decline 表“下降”，选项与原文不符。因此，选项D正确。

3. 本题考查细节信息。从文章第六段“…But this changed when the Russia-Ukraine conflict broke out in February. Global buyers then relied (依赖) more on India, the world’s second-biggest wheat producer, … ”可知，选项C正确。

4. 本题考查段落主旨。通过阅读最后一段可知：印度禁令导致小麦价格的增长。由于俄乌冲突的爆发，全球没有更大的小麦供应商，进而对亚洲和非洲人民的生活造成严重影响。因此，选项D正确。

 

完成句子：

1. rough    2. hit   3. demand   4. record   5. ban

 

翻译句子：

1. 4月28日，印度北部城市古鲁格拉姆的最高气温为45.6摄氏度，打破了1979年4月创下的最高气温44.8摄氏度的记录。

2. 电力短缺的另一个原因是印度持续了好几个月的煤电短缺。

 

1. In these days of technological change, we all suffer from information overload.

2. Firefighters arrived quickly after the fire broke out.

3. The lack of communication causes lots of problems.