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初二教案 第777期(2)
发布时间:2022-05-23

本期配套教案共2页:  1  2

第41/777期初二教案

作者:张莉

Rich soil on the moon (P6)

Pre-reading

Free Talk

 What are these?

 Where do you think they are from?

 

While reading

In 2020, China’s Chang’e 5 mission collected 1,731 grams of moon soil (土壤) and brought it to Earth. China became the third country to collect moon soil after the Soviet Union and the United States. Up to now, a total of 44,857.7 milligrams of the soil have been given to 62 research teams in China.

up to now: 到目前为止

翻译:到目前为止,中国62个研究团队共获得了44857.7毫克的土壤。

练习:到目前为止,我没有他的任何消息。

I have heard nothing from him up to now.

 

By studying the soil, scientists learn more about the moon’s geology (地质), weather and other things, according to the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS). What new findings have scientists made? Let’s take a look.

by + sth./ doing sth: 通过……方式

翻译:中国科学院表示,通过研究月球土壤,科学家们可以更多地了解月球的地质、天气和其他情况。

练习:我们可以通过每日尽可能多的说英语来提高自己的英语水平。

We can improve our English by speaking English as much as possible every day.

 

Air on the moon

In May, scientists from Nanjing University found that the soil on the moon might be useful for turning carbon dioxide (CO2) into oxygen (氧气) and fuel (燃料). The soil has some special chemicals (化学物质) in it.

be useful for: 对……有用;具有……的用途

翻译:今年5月,南京大学的科学家发现,月球上的土壤可能有助于将二氧化碳转化为氧气和燃料。

练习:我认为这对你们记忆力很有用。

I thought this might be useful for your memory.

 

These can work as catalysts (催化剂) to make oxygen with sunlight and CO2. If this really works, astronauts can turn the CO2 they breathe into oxygen. Then they can live on the moon for a longer time. The team hopes for a chance to test this system on the moon someday.

work as: 以……身份来工作

翻译:这些(化学物质)可以用作催化剂,用阳光和二氧化碳来制造氧气。

练习:他开始工作时做保安员。

He started work as a security guard.

turn into…:变成……

翻译:如果这真的有效,宇航员就可以将他们呼吸的二氧化碳转化为氧气。

练习:加热时,冰可以变成水。

When heated, ice turns into water.

 

Powerful energy

Helium-3 is a valuable fuel that can provide safer nuclear energy (核能). It is not radioactive (放射性的) and would not produce dangerous waste.

valuable: [ˈvæljuəbl] adj. 值钱的;宝贵的;重要的

provide: [prəˈvaɪd] v. 提供,供给

翻译:氦- 3是一种宝贵的燃料,可以提供更安全的核能。

练习:参加各种活动可以给你提供宝贵的机会。

Taking part in new activities can provide valuable lessons.

 

It’s rare (稀有的) on Earth, but after studying samples of moon soil, scientists found that the moon is rich in Helium-3! According to Ouyang Ziyuan, a senior adviser to China’s lunar program and its former chief scientist, there is enough Helium-3 on the moon for all people on Earth to have clean energy for 10,000 years!

be rich in:富有……的

翻译:虽然氦- 3在地球上很稀有,但科学家们在研究月球土壤样本后发现它在月球上的含量非常高!

练习:据了解,这个地区有丰富的自然资源。

This area is known to be rich in natural resources.

 

Younger rocks

Chang’e 5 landed on an unexplored area of the moon. This area had the latest volcanic (火山的) activity on the moon. The soil samples from Chang’e 5 “shed new light on the evolution (进化) of the moon”, said Li Xianhua from the CAS.

an unexplored area: 一处从未勘察过的区域

翻译:嫦娥五号降落在月球的一处未被勘察过的区域。

练习:他的团队在未开发的一处区域发现了这座教堂。

His team discovered the church in an unexplored area.

shed new light on…:有新的认识;进一步揭示

翻译:中国科学院的李新华认为,嫦娥的土壤样本5“进一步揭示了月球的进化”。

练习:研究人员表示这些图像将为玛雅文明展开新的曙光。The researchers say the images will shed new light on the Mayan civilization.

 

Previous soil samples from the US and Soviet Union showed that the latest volcanic activity on the moon was 2.8-2.9 billion years ago. But Chinese scientists dated the younger rocks to around 2 billion years old. That means the moon’s volcanoes were active up to 900 million years longer than we thought.

previous: [ˈpriːviəs] adj. 以前的,先前的

翻译:之前来自美国和苏联的土壤样本显示,月球上最近的火山活动是在28 - 29亿年前。

练习:这一工作无需相关的经验。

No previous experience is necessary for this job.

 

Post-reading

Be a news reporter and introduce:

China’s lunar exploration program

New findings scientists have made by studying the moon soil.

 

 

 

Practice

1. Which were the first two countries to bring moon soil to Earth?

A. The US and the Soviet Union.

B. China and the Soviet Union.

C. China and the US.

D. The US and the UK.

 

2. How can the soil from the moon help turn CO2 into oxygen?

A. It has chemicals which can use moonlight to make oxygen.

B. Its CO2 can collect oxygen on Earth.

C. It has special chemicals that can work as catalysts.

D. It can turn CO2 into special chemicals that produce oxygen.

 

3. Which of the following is an advantage of Helium-3?

A. It can be stored for 10,000 years.

B. It is rich on Earth.

C. It is environmentally friendly.

D. It is easy to bring from the moon.

 

4. What’s special about the landing site of Chang’e 5?

A. Volcanic activity happens more often there.

B. Scientists can get soil samples more easily there.

C. It has more volcanoes.

D. It has younger rocks than other sites.

 

5. What is the passage mainly about?

A. How Chinese scientists will work with scientists from other countries.

B. Where the soil is brought from the moon.

C. The differences between the soil on the moon and the soil on Earth.

D. What was learned from studying the moon soil samples.

 

 

 

 

完成句子。

1. The book provides v____ information.

2. Recent research has s____ new light on the disease.

3. Little things can also t_____ into wonderful things.

4. There are very few places in the world that remain u________.

5. This is a great improvement on your p______ work.

 

翻译句子。

1. The team hopes for a chance to test this system on the moon someday.

2. That means the moon’s volcanoes were active up to 900 million years longer than we thought.

1. 广泛阅读,你会得到丰富的知识。

2. 他们认为这条建议对顾客非常有用。

3. 到目前为止我没有他的任何消息。

 

参考答案:

1. 本题考查细节信息。从文章第一段“China became the third country to collect moon soil, after the Soviet Union and the United States.” 可知,选项A正确。

2. 本题考查细节信息。从文章第二段可知:土壤中特殊的化学物质可作为催化剂用阳光和二氧化碳制造氧气。选项C正确。

3. 本题考查推断能力。从第三段可知:Helium-3不会产生有危害的废弃物;它在地球上很稀有,但在月球上很丰富;月球上的氦-3足以提供给生活在地球上的人们一万年的清洁能

源。A、B、D与原文不符。选项C中environmentally friendly表示“对生态环境无害的”,因此,选项C正确。

4. 本题考查推理判断能力。从文章最后一段 “Chinese scientists dated the younger rocks to around 2 billion years old. That means the moon’s volcanoes were active up to 900 million years longer than we thought.中国科学家认为这些较年轻的岩石大约有20亿年的历史。这意味着月球上火山的活跃时间比我们想象的要长9亿年。”可知,选项D正确。

5. 本题为主旨题。从文章的标题“Rich soil on the moon”以及文章结构:总(Para.1)分(Para.2-4)可知:文章的主旨可从标题和第一段概括得出,选项D正确。

 

完成句子:

1. valuable   2. shed   3. turn   4. unexplored   5. previous

 

翻译句子:

1. 该团队希望某天能有机会在月球上测试这个系统。

2. 这说明月球上火山的活跃时间比我们想象的要长9亿年。

1. Read widely and you'll be rich in knowledge.

2. They thought the suggestion is useful for our customers.

3. I have heard nothing from him up to now.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

本期配套教案共2页:  1  2

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