第12/755期初二课件

作者：张莉

Don’t be a couch potato (P6)

Pre-reading

Look at the picture and talk about it.

Can you list some disadvantages of sitting for a long time?

 

While reading

Since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, many people have been stuck (困住的) indoors. Online classes and working from home mean a lot of sitting around on your butt.

the start of : …的开始

翻译：新冠病毒大流行以来,许多人被困在室内。

练习：那次相遇是一段友谊的开始。

That meeting was the start of the friendship.

 

butt  /bʌt / n. the part of the body that you sit on

翻译：在线课程和在家工作意味着你得整天坐着。

 

We already know that if we don’t move much, we get fatter, we get heart problems and maybe we get diabetes (糖尿病). But new studies have shown that it could hurt our mental (心理的) health too.

 

A study of 937 Brazilian adults during the pandemic found that about one-third of them sat around for more than 10 hours per day. It reported that people who sat for too long often showed more symptoms of depression (抑郁的症状).

 

Brazilian：/brəˈzɪliən/ adj. 巴西的；巴西人的；n. 巴西人

Brazil: /brəˈzɪl/ n. 巴西

练习：

我没去过巴西，但我知道巴西人很友好。

I haven't been to Brazil, but I know Brazilians are friendly.

 

one-third：三分之一。

分数的基本读法：

分子：基数词；分母：序数词。

如果分子大于1，则分母：序数词+s

先读分子，再读分母。

练习：二分之一 : one second;  三分之二： two thirds

翻译：一项针对疫情期间937名巴西成年人的研究发现，约三分之一的人每天坐着的时间超过10小时。 

 

Another study looked at children. It found that each extra hour of sitting time at ages 12, 14 and 16 led to higher depression scores by age 18. Eighteen-year-olds who sat most often had depression scores 28 percent higher than those who were more active (活跃的).

extra：/ˈekstrə/ adj. 额外的

翻译：研究发现，在12、14和16岁时每多坐一小时，到18岁时抑郁得分就会更高。

练习：我可以承担一些额外工作。

I can take on some extra work.

 

Scientists are not sure yet about the link (关联) between too much sitting and depression. But according to Mats Hallgren from the Karolinska Institute in Sweden, “sitting for too long can slow blood flow (流动) in the body, including blood flow to the brain.” It might also affect (影响) the growth of neurons (神经细胞) in the brain.

according to: 根据，按照。

翻译：但根据瑞典卡罗林斯卡医学院Mats Hallgren所言“坐太久会减慢血液在人体内的流动,包括血液流向大脑。”

练习： 根据报道，这种疾病已经得到了有效控制。

According to the report, the disease has been effectively controlled.

 

And couch potatoes might do other unhealthy things while sitting, such as snacking (吃零食) on junk food. All these may lead to depression.

The good news? It’s easy to overcome (克服). Aaron Kandola from University College London, UK, said “all types” of movement might help, even light activity.

all types of: 各种各样的，形形色色的

movement: /ˈmuːvmənt/ n. 运动；移动

翻译：英国伦敦大学学院的亚伦·坎多拉说“任何类型的”运动都可能有帮助，即使是轻微的运动。

练习：杰克喜欢各种各样的运动。

Jack likes all types of movement.

 

“It is great to exercise and play sports,” said Kandola. “But anything you can do to avoid (避免) sitting for too long ... will help with mood (情绪), stress and thinking clearly.” The key message is just to move more, more often.

stress: /stres/ n. 精神压力，紧张

翻译：但任何你能做的可以避免坐着太久的事情都将有助于情绪，（缓解）压力以及（让你）清晰思考问题。

练习：压力是现代生活中的主要问题。

Stress is a major problem of modern life.

key: /kiː/ adj. 关键的，主要的

翻译：重要的启示是就是要多运动，经常运动。

练习：时间是我们决策时考虑的主要因素。

Time is a key element in our decision.

 

Post-reading

Design A Leaflet

tell others not to be couch potatoes

give advice about staying healthy at home during COVID-19

 

Practice

1. What might happen if we don’t move much?

A. We will be mentally healthier.

B. We will feel more energetic.

C. We will be happier.

D. We will get fatter.

 

2. In this study, how many Brazilian adults sat for more than 10 hours a day?

A. About 200.     B. About 300.

C. About 500.     D. About 600.

 

3. What might “couch potatoes” refer to in Paragraph 5?

A. People who don’t move very much.

B. People who love to eat potatoes on the couch.

C. People who don’t have enough blood in their bodies.

D. People whose neurons grow faster than others’.

 

4. What can we learn from the text?

A. It is difficult to overcome problems caused by sitting too long.

B. Eating snacks can help us think clearly.

C. Staying at home is good for one’s mental health.

D. More exercise can help improve one’s mood.

 

C. Complete the sentences.

1. 食用过多的糖会引起健康问题。

Eating too much sugar can _______health problems.

2. 任何避免久坐的方法都有助于改善情绪。

Anything you can do to avoid sitting for too long will ________ mood.

3. 我们已经认识到如果我们缺少运动就会长胖。

We already know that _____________, we get fatter.

 

翻译句子

1. New studies have shown that it could hurt our mental health too.

2. Eighteen-year-olds who sat most often had depression scores 28 percent higher than those who were more active.

 

参考答案：

1. 此题为一道细节信息获取题。根据第二段第一句话得知：如果运动少，我们就会发胖。因此，D为正确选项。

2. 本题为一道细节信息获取题。从第三段第一句可知每天坐的时间超过10个小时的人数是参与研究的937人的三分之一，因此，正确选项为B。

3. 根据文本可知：坐太久会减慢血液在人体内的流动。并且这些人在坐着的同时会吃一些垃圾食品。因此正确选项为A。

4. 根据第五段段尾和第六段段首：All these may lead to depression. The good news? It’s easy to overcome.可知选项A是错误的。B选项从第五段得知是错误的。全文都是在说待在家里不动是有害心理健康的，因此C是错误的。D从最后一段可以获取，因此是正确选项。

1. lead to   2. help with  3. if we don't move much

1. 新的研究表明，它也会损害我们的心理健康。

2. 经常坐着的18岁(的青年) 比那些经常运动的人抑郁分数高28%。